Abstract
Network-enabled sensing and actuation devices are key enablers to connect real-world objects to the cyber world. The Internet of Things (IoT) consists of the network-enabled devices and communication technologies that allow connectivity and integration of physical objects (Things) into the digital world (Internet). Enormous amounts of dynamic IoT data are collected from Internet-connected devices. IoT data is usually multi-variant streams that are heterogeneous, sporadic, multi-modal and spatio-temporal. IoT data can be disseminated with different granularities and have diverse structures, types and qualities. Dealing with the data deluge from heterogeneous IoT resources and services imposes new challenges on indexing, discovery and ranking mechanisms that will allow building applications that require on-line access and retrieval of ad-hoc IoT data. However, the existing IoT data indexing and discovery approaches are complex or centralised which hinders their scalability. The primary objective of this paper is to provide a holistic overview of the state-of-the-art on indexing, discovery and ranking of IoT data. The paper aims to pave the way for researchers to design, develop, implement and evaluate techniques and approaches for on-line large-scale distributed IoT applications and services.