Enhancement of Satellite-to-Phone Link Budget by Using Distributed Beamforming

Zhuoao Xu; Yue Gao; Gaojie Chen; Ryan Fernandez; Vedaprabhu Basavarajappa; Rahim Tafazolli

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2308.04818

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Enhancement of Satellite-to-Phone Link Budget by Using Distributed Beamforming

Zhuoao Xu, Yue Gao, Gaojie Chen, Ryan Fernandez, Vedaprabhu Basavarajappa and Rahim Tafazolli

09/08/2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2308.04818

Abstract

Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture

Small satellites in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) attract much attention from both industry and academia. The latest production and launch technologies constantly drive the development of LEO constellations. However, the wideband signal, except text messages, cannot be transmitted directly from an LEO satellite to a standard mobile cellular phone due to the insufficient link budget. The current LEO constellation network has to use an extra ground device to receive the signal from the satellite first and then forward the signal to the User Equipment (UE). To achieve direct network communications between LEO satellites and UE, we propose a novel distributed beamforming technology based on the superposition of electromagnetic (EM) waves radiated from multiple satellites that can significantly enhance the link budget in this paper. EM full-wave simulation and Monte Carlo simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The simulation results show a nearly 6 dB enhancement using two radiation sources and an almost 12 dB enhancement using four sources. The received power enhancement could be doubled compared to the diversity gain in Multiple-Input and Single-Output (MISO). Furthermore, other practical application challenges, such as the synchronization and Doppler effect, are also presented.

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Title: Enhancement of Satellite-to-Phone Link Budget by Using Distributed Beamforming
Creators: Zhuoao Xu - University of Surrey, School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering
Yue Gao - University of Surrey, School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering
Gaojie Chen - University of Surrey, School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering
Ryan Fernandez - University of Surrey, School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering
Vedaprabhu Basavarajappa - University of Surrey, School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering
Rahim Tafazolli - University of Surrey, School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering
Grant note: The URI http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/ is used to record the fact that the submitter granted the following license to arXiv.org on submission of an article: I grant arXiv.org a perpetual, non-exclusive license to distribute this article. I certify that I have the right to grant this license. I understand that submissions cannot be completely removed once accepted. I understand that arXiv.org reserves the right to reclassify or reject any submission.
Identifiers: 99793566502346
Academic Unit: School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering
Language: English
Resource Type: Preprint

Enhancement of Satellite-to-Phone Link Budget by Using Distributed Beamforming

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