Abstract
The global transition to renewable energy requires efficient Hybrid Renewable Energy
Systems (HRES) to mitigate the intermittency of solar and wind power. This paper presents a review
of HRES design and optimization methodologies, emphasizing their integration into the national power
grid. We analyze optimization techniques, including metaheuristic algorithms and simulation tools such as
HOMER, in addition to regulatory and operational challenges. A systematic literature review was conducted
using Scopus, applying bibliometric analysis to identify trends in HRES research. Our findings highlight
critical gaps in optimization strategies, energy storage integration, and economic feasibility analysis. This
study provides insights for researchers and policymakers to enhance the reliability and efficiency of HRES
in large-scale grid applications.