Abstract
In cognitive radio enabled vehicular ad-hoc networks (CR-VANETs), the secondary users, i.e., the secondary intelligent vehicles have the ability to perceive the driving environment and use the unoccupied spectrum of primary users for data transmission. In this paper, we consider the radar assisted CR-VANETs, in which the secondary users firstly sense the surroundings using radar modules periodically and Swerling 0, Swerling 2 and Swerling 4 target models are considered respectively. Note that the secondary users access the spectrum of primary users and communicate with their corresponding receivers when no one is detected by the low range radar module. Moreover, we design the joint radar sensing and data transmission frame structure and formulate the radar sensing-throughput tradeoff problem mathematically. It is proved that the formulated tradeoff indeed has the optimal radar sensing time which yields the maximum throughput for the secondary networks. Numerical results and simulations verify that the optimal radar sensing time achieving the maximum throughput for Swerling 0 target model is {0.05}\; \text{ms} when the radius of the radar sensing region is 320 meters, the densities of the primary users and secondary users are \lambda _p=0.01 / m^2 and \lambda _s=0.2 / m^2, the received radar SNR is 10 dB and the detection probability is 99.9%. For the Swerling 2 and Swerling 4 target models, the optimal radar sensing times achieving the maximum throughput is {0.14}\; \text{ms} and {0.08}\; \text{ms} respectively when the detection probability is 99%.