Abstract
Website fingerprinting (WF) attack aims to identify which website a user is visiting from the traffic data patterns. Whilst existing methods assume many training samples, we investigate a more realistic and scalable few-shot WF attack with only a few labeled training samples per website. To solve this problem, we introduce a novel Meta-Bias Learning (MBL) method for few-shot WF learning. Taking the meta-learning strategy, MBL simulates and optimizes the target tasks. Moreover, a new model parameter factorization idea is introduced for facilitating meta-training with superior task adaptation. Expensive experiments show that our MBL outperforms significantly existing hand-crafted feature and deep learning based alternatives in both closed-world and open-world attack scenarios, at the absence and presence of defense.