Abstract
The morphology of pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs), especially at the surface in contact with a release liner, is expected to have a dominant influence on the tack strength and energy in an application. We have used tapping-mode atomic force microscopy to determine the morphology at the surfaces of freshly-cast waterborne acrylic PSAs over lateral length scales of a few m. We demonstrate that topographical features on silicone release liners can be used to pattern the PSA surface in contact with it. Control of the texture of a PSA surface can potentially be exploited to tailor its properties. Latex particle boundaries are much better defined at the air surface of the PSA in comparison to its back face. A series of experiments suggests that this difference results from the distribution of water-soluble species within the dry film. The pressures and processes involved in the transfer lamination process do not alter the PSA morphology. The first reported AFM images of the response of these materials to pressure and shear provide insight into the deformation mechanisms. Amplitude-distance curves on PSA surfaces show that there is a small decrease in tack and an increase in stiffness after ageing for 13 months.