The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Khanh Bao Tran; Justin J. Lang; Kelly Compton; Rixing Xu; Alistair R. Acheson; Hannah Jacqueline Henrikson; Jonathan M. Kocarnik; Louise Penberthy; Amirali Aali; Qamar Abbas; Behzad Abbasi; Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari; Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari; Hedayat Abbastabar; Michael Abdelmasseh; Sherief Abd-Elsalam; Ahmed Abdelwahab Abdelwahab; Gholamreza Abdoli; Hanan Abdulkadir Abdulkadir; Aidin Abedi; Kedir Hussein Abegaz; Hassan Abidi; Richard Gyan Aboagye; Hassan Abolhassani; Abdorrahim Absalan; Yonas Derso Abtew; Hiwa Abubaker Ali; Eman Abu-Gharbieh; Basavaprabhu Achappa; Juan Manuel Acuna; Daniel Addison; Isaac Yeboah Addo; Oyelola A. Adegboye; Miracle Ayomikun Adesina; Mohammad Adnan; Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani; Shailesh M. Advani; Sumia Afrin; Muhammad Sohail Afzal; Manik Aggarwal; Bright Opoku Ahinkorah; Araz Ramazan Ahmad; Rizwan Ahmad; Sohail Ahmad; Sepideh Ahmadi; Haroon Ahmed; Luai A. Ahmed; Muktar Beshir Ahmed; Tarik Ahmed Rashid; Wajeeha Aiman; Marjan Ajami; Gizachew Taddesse Akalu; Mostafa Akbarzadeh-Khiavi; Addis Aklilu; Maxwell Akonde; Chisom Joyqueenet Akunna; Hanadi Al Hamad; Fares Alahdab; Fahad Mashhour Alanezi; Turki M. Alanzi; Saleh Ali Alessy; Abdelazeem M. Algammal; Mohammed Khaled Al-Hanawi; Robert Kaba Alhassan; Beriwan Abdulqadir Ali; Liaqat Ali; Syed Shujait Ali; Yousef Alimohamadi; Vahid Alipour; Syed Mohamed Aljunid; Motasem Alkhayyat; Sadeq Ali Ali Al-Maweri; Sami Almustanyir; Nivaldo Alonso; Shehabaldin Alqalyoobi; Rajaa M. Al-Raddadi; Rami H. Hani Al-Rifai; Salman Khalifah Al-Sabah; Alaa B. Al-Tammemi; Haya Altawalah; Nelson Alvis-Guzman; Firehiwot Amare; Edward Kwabena Ameyaw; Javad Javad Aminian Dehkordi; Mohammad Hosein Amirzade-Iranaq; Hubert Amu; Ganiyu Adeniyi Amusa; Robert Ancuceanu; Jason A. Anderson; Yaregal Animut Animut; Amir Anoushiravani; Ali Arash Anoushirvani; Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam; Mustafa Geleto Ansha; Benny Antony; Maxwell Hubert Antwi; Sumadi Lukman Anwar; Razique Anwer; Anayochukwu Edward Anyasodor; Jalal Arabloo; Morteza Arab-Zozani; Olatunde Aremu; Ayele Mamo Argaw; Hany Ariffin; Timur Aripov; Muhammad Arshad; Al Artaman; Judie Arulappan; Raphael Taiwo Aruleba; Armin Aryannejad; Malke Asaad; Mulusew A. Asemahagn; Zatollah Asemi; Mohammad Asghari-Jafarabadi; Tahira Ashraf; Reza Assadi; Mohammad Athar; Seyyed Shamsadin Athari; Maha Mohd Wahbi Atout Null; Sameh Attia; Avinash Aujayeb; Marcel Ausloos; Leticia Avila-Burgos; Atalel Fentahun Awedew; Mamaru Ayenew Awoke; Tewachew Awoke; Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla; Tegegn Mulatu Ayana; Solomon Shitu Ayen; Davood Azadi; Sina Azadnajafabad Null; Saber Azami-Aghdash; Melkalem Mamuye Azanaw; Mohammadreza Azangou-Khyavy; Amirhossein Azari Jafari; Hosein Azizi; Ahmed Y. Y. Azzam; Amirhesam Babajani; Muhammad Badar; Ashish D. Badiye; Nayereh Baghcheghi; Nader Bagheri; Sara Bagherieh; Saeed Bahadory; Atif Amin Baig; Jennifer L. Baker; Ahad Bakhtiari; Ravleen Kaur Bakshi; Maciej Banach; Indrajit Banerjee; Mainak Bardhan; Francesco Barone-Adesi; Fabio Barra; Amadou Barrow; Nasir Z. Bashir; Azadeh Bashiri; Saurav Basu; Abdul-Monim Mohammad Batiha; Aeysha Begum; Alehegn Bekele Bekele; Alemayehu Sayih Belay; Melaku Ashagrie Belete; Uzma Iqbal Belgaumi; Arielle Wilder Bell; Luis Belo; Habib Benzian; Alemshet Yirga Berhie; Amiel Nazer C. Bermudez; Eduardo Bernabe; Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula; Neeraj Bhala; Bharti Bhandari Bhandari; Nikha Bhardwaj; Pankaj Bhardwaj; Krittika Bhattacharyya; Vijayalakshmi S. Bhojaraja; Soumitra S. Bhuyan; Sadia Bibi; Awraris Hailu Bilchut; Bagas Suryo Bintoro; Antonio Biondi; Mesfin Geremaw Birega Birega; Habitu Eshetu Birhan; Tone Bjorge; Oleg Blyuss; Belay Boda Abule Bodicha; Srinivasa Rao Bolla; Archith Boloor; Cristina Bosetti; Dejana Braithwaite; Michael Brauer; Hermann Brenner; Andrey Nikolaevich Briko; Nikolay Ivanovich Briko; Christina Maree Buchanan; Norma B. Bulamu; Maria Teresa Bustamante-Teixeira; Muhammad Hammad Butt; Nadeem Shafique Butt; Zahid A. Butt; Florentino Luciano Caetano dos Santos; Luis Alberto Camera; Chao Cao; Yin Cao; Giulia Carreras; Marcia Carvalho; Francieli Cembranel; Ester Cerin; Promit Ananyo Chakraborty; Periklis Charalampous; Vijay Kumar Chattu; Odgerel Chimed-Ochir; Jesus Lorenzo Chirinos-Caceres; Daniel Youngwhan Cho; William C. S. Cho; Devasahayam J. Christopher; Dinh-Toi Chu; Isaac Sunday Chukwu; Aaron J. Cohen; Joao Conde; Sandra Cortas; Vera Marisa Costa; Natalia Cruz-Martins; Garland T. Culbreth; Omid Dadras; Fentaw Teshome Dagnaw; Saad M. A. Dahlawi; Xiaochen Dai; Lalit Dandona; Rakhi Dandona; Parnaz Daneshpajouhnejad; Anna Danielewicz; An Thi Minh Dao; Reza Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani; Aso Mohammad Darwesh; Saswati Das; Dragos Virgil Davitoiu; Elham Davtalab Esmaeili; Fernando Pio De la Hoz; Sisay Abebe Debela; Azizallah Dehghan; Biniyam Demisse; Fitsum Wolde Demisse; Edgar DenovaGutiA; Afshin Derakhshani; Meseret Derbew Molla; Diriba Dereje; Kalkidan Solomon Deribe; Rupak Desai; Markos Desalegn Desalegn; Fikadu Nugusu Dessalegn; Samuel Abebe A. Dessalegni; Gashaw Dessie; Abebaw Alemayehu Desta; Syed Masudur Rahman Dewan; Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne; Meghnath Dhimal; Mostafa Dianatinasab; Nancy Diao; Daniel Diaz; Lankamo Ena Digesa; Shilpi Gupta Dixit; Saeid Doaei; Linh Phuong Doan; Paul Narh Doku; Deepa Dongarwar; Wendel Mombaque dos Santos; Tim Robert Driscoll; Haneil Larson Dsouza; Oyewole Christopher Durojaiye; Sareh Edalati; Fatemeh Eghbalian; Elham Ehsani-Chimeh; Ebrahim Eini; Michael Ekholuenetale; Temitope Cyrus Ekundayo; Donatus U. Ekwueme; Maha El Tantawi; Mostafa Ahmed Elbahnasawy; Iffat Elbarazi; Hesham Elghazaly; Muhammed Elhadi; Waseem El-Huneidi; Mohammad Hassan Emamian; Luchuo Engelbert Bain; Daniel Berhanie Enyew; Ryenchindorj Erkhembayar; Tegegne Eshetu; Babak Eshrati; Sharareh Eskandarieh; Juan Espinosa-Montero; Farshid Etaee; Azin Etemadimanesh; Tahir Eyayu; Ifeanyi Jude Ezeonwumelu; Sayeh Ezzikouri; Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe; Saman Fahimi; Ildar Ravisovich Fakhradiyev; Emerito Jose A. Faraon; Jawad Fares; Abbas Farmany; Umar Farooque; Hossein Farrokhpour; Abidemi Omolara Fasanmi; Ali Fatehizadeh; Wafa Fatima; Hamed Fattahi; Ginenus Fekadu; Berhanu Elfu Feleke; Allegra Allegra Ferrari; Simone Ferrero; Lorenzo Ferro Desideri; Irina Filip; Florian Fischer; Roham Foroumadi; Masoud Foroutan; Takeshi Fukumoto; Peter Andras Gaal; Mohamed M. Gad; Muktar A. Gadanya; Abduzhappar Gaipov; Nasrin Galehdar; Silvano Gallus; Tushar Garg; Mariana Gaspar Fonseca; Yosef Haile Gebremariam; Teferi Gebru Gebremeskel; Mathewos Alemu Gebremichael; Yohannes Fikadu Geda; Yibeltal Yismaw Gela; Belete Negese Belete Gemeda; Melaku Getachew; Motuma Erena Getachew; Kazem Ghaffari; Mansour Ghafourifard; Seyyed-Hadi Ghamari; Mohammad Ghasemi Nour; Fariba Ghassemi; Ajnish Ghimire; Nermin Ghith; Maryam Gholamalizadeh; Jamshid Gholizadeh Navashenaq; Sherief Ghozy; Syed Amir Gilani; Paramjit Singh Gill; Themba G. Ginindza; Abraham Tamirat T. Gizaw; James C. Glasbey; Justyna Godos; Amit Goel; Mahaveer Golechha; Pouya Goleij; Davide Golinelli; Mohamad Golitaleb; Giuseppe Gorini; Barbara Niegia Garcia Goulart; Giuseppe Grosso; Habtamu Alganeh Guadie; Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari; Temesgen Worku Gudayu; Maximiliano Ribeiro Guerra; Damitha Asanga Gunawardane; Bhawna Gupta; Sapna Gupta; VeerBala Gupta; Vivek Kumar Gupta; Mekdes Kondale Gurara; Alemu Guta; Parham Habibzadeh; Atlas Haddadi Avval; Nima Hafezi-Nejad; Adel Hajj Ali; Arvin Haj-Mirzaian; Esam S. Halboub; Aram Halimi; Rabih Halwani; Randah R. Hamadeh; Sajid Hameed; Samer Hamidi; Asif Hanif; Sanam Hariri; Netanja Harlianto; Josep Maria Haro; Risky Kusuma Hartono; Ahmed Hasaballah; S. M. Mahmudul Hasan; Hamidreza Hasani; Seyedeh Melika Hashemi; Abbas M. Hassan; Soheil Hassanipour; Khezar Hayat; Golnaz Heidari; Mohammad Heidari; Zahra Heidarymeybodi; Brenda Yuliana Herrera-Serna; Claudiu Herteliu; Kamal Hezam; Yuta Hiraike; Mbuzeleni Mbuzeleni Hlongwa; Ramesh Holla; Marianne Holm; Nobuyuki Horita; Mohammad Hoseini; Md Mahbub Hossain; Mohammad Bellal Hossain Hossain; Mohammad-Salar Hosseini; Ali Hosseinzadeh; Mehdi Hosseinzadeh; Mihaela Hostiuc; Sorin Hostiuc; Mowafa Househ; Junjie Huang; Fernando N. Hugo; Ayesha Humayun; Salman Hussain; Nawfal R. Hussein; Bing-Fang Hwang; Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye; Pulwasha Maria Iftikhar; Kevin S. Ikuta; Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi; Irena M. Ilic; Milena D. Ilic; Mustapha Immurana; Kaire Innos; Pooya Iranpour; Lalu Muhammad Irham; Md Shariful Islam; Rakibul M. Islam; Farhad Islami; Nahlah Elkudssiah Ismail; Gaetano Isola; Masao Iwagami; Linda J. Merin; Abhishek Jaiswal; Mihajlo Jakovljevic; Mahsa Jalili; Shahram Jalilian; Elham Jamshidi; Sung-In Jang; Chinmay T. Jani; Tahereh Javaheri; Umesh Umesh Jayarajah; Shubha Jayaram; Seyed Behzad Jazayeri; Rime Jebai; Bedru Jemal; Wonjeong Jeong; Ravi Prakash Jha; Har Ashish Jindal; Yetunde O. John-Akinola; Jost B. Jonas; Tamas Joo; Nitin Joseph; Farahnaz Joukar; Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak; Mikk Jarisson; Ali Kabir; Salah Eddine Oussama Kacimi; Vidya Kadashetti; Farima Kahe; Pradnya Vishal Kakodkar; Leila R. Kalankesh; Rohollah Kalhor; Vineet Kumar Kamal; Farin Kamangar; Ashwin Kamath; Tanuj Kanchan; Eswar Kandaswamy; Himal Kandel; HyeJung Kang; Girum Gebremeskel Kanno; Neeti Kapoor; Sitanshu Sekhar Kar; Shama D. Karanth; Ibraheem M. Karaye; AndrA Karch; Amirali Karimi; Bekalu Getnet Kassa; Patrick D. M. C. Katoto; Joonas H. Kauppila; Harkiran Kaur; Abinet Gebremickael Kebede; Leila Keikavoosi-Arani; Gemechu Gemechu Kejela; Phillip M. Kemp Bohan; Maryam Keramati; Mohammad Keykhaei; Himanshu Khajuria; Abbas Khan; Abdul Aziz Khan Khan; Ejaz Ahmad Khan; Gulfaraz Khan; Md Nuruzzaman Khan; Moien Ab Khan; Javad Khanali; Khaled Khatab; Moawiah Mohammad Khatatbeh; Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib; Maryam Khayamzadeh; Hamid Reza Khayat Kashani; Mohammad Amin Khazeei Tabari; Mehdi Khezeli; Mahmoud Khodadost; Min Seo Kim; Yun Jin Kim; Adnan Kisa; Sezer Kisa; Miloslav Klugar; Jitka Klugarova; Ali-Asghar Kolahi; Pavel Kolkhir; Farzad Kompani; Parvaiz A. Koul; Sindhura Lakshmi Koulmane Laxminarayana; Ai Koyanagi; Kewal Krishan; Yuvaraj Krishnamoorthy; Burcu Kucuk Bicer; Nuworza Kugbey; Mukhtar Kulimbet; Akshay Kumar; G. Anil Kumar; Narinder Kumar; Om P. Kurmi; Ambily Kuttikkattu; Carlo La Vecchia; Arista Lahiri; Dharmesh Kumar Lal; Judit Lam; Qing Lan; Ivan Landires; Bagher Larijani; Savita Lasrado; Jerrald Lau; Paolo Lauriola; Caterina Ledda; Sang-woong Lee; Shaun Wen Huey Lee; Wei-Chen Lee; Yeong Yeh Lee; Yo Han Lee; Samson Mideksa Legesse; James Leigh; Elvynna Leong; Ming-Chieh Li; Stephen S. Lim; Gang Liu; Jue Liu; Chun-Han Lo; Ayush Lohiya; Platon D. Lopukhov; Laszla Lorenzovici; Mojgan Lotfi; Joana A. Loureiro; Raimundas Lunevicius; Farzan Madadizadeh; Ahmad R. Mafi; Sameh Magdeldin; Soleiman Mahjoub; Ata Mahmoodpoor; Morteza Mahmoudi; Marzieh Mahmoudimanesh; Rashidul Alam Mahumud; Azeem Majeed; Jamal Majidpoor; Alaa Makki; Konstantinos Christos Makris; Elaheh Malakan Rad; Mohammad-Reza Malekpour; Reza Malekzadeh; Ahmad Azam Malik; Tauqeer Hussain Mallhi; Sneha Deepak Mallya; Mohammed A. Mamun; Ana Laura Manda; Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei; Borhan Mansouri; Mohammad Ali Mansournia; Lorenzo Giovanni Mantovani; Santi Martini; Miquel Martorell; Sahar Masoudi; Seyedeh Zahra Masoumi; Clara N. Matei; Elezebeth Mathews; Manu Raj Mathur; Vasundhara Mathur; Martin McKee; Jitendra Kumar Meena; Khalid Mehmood; Entezar Mehrabi Nasab; Ravi Mehrotra; Addisu Melese; Walter Mendoza; Ritesh G. Menezes; SIsay Derso Mengesha; Laverne G. Mensah; Alexios-Fotios A. Mentis; Andry Yasmid Mera Mera-Mamian; Tuomo J. Meretoja; Mehari Woldemariam Merid; Amanual Getnet Mersha; Belsity Temesgen Meselu; Mahboobeh Meshkat; Tomislav Mestrovic; Junmei Miao Jonasson; Tomasz Miazgowski; Irmina Maria Michalek; Gelana Fekadu Worku Mijena; Ted R. 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Postma; Ashkan Pourabhari Langroudi; Akram Pourshams; Naeimeh Pourtaheri; Akila Prashant; Mirza Muhammad Fahd Qadir; Zahiruddin Quazi Syed; Mohammad Rabiee; Navid Rabiee; Amir Radfar; Raghu Anekal Radhakrishnan; Venkatraman Radhakrishnan; Mojtaba Raeisi; Ata Rafiee; Alireza Rafiei; Nasiru Raheem; Fakher Rahim; Md Obaidur Rahman; Mosiur Rahman; Muhammad Aziz Rahman; Amir Masoud Rahmani; Shayan Rahmani; Vahid Rahmanian; Nazanin Rajai; Aashish Rajesh; Pradhum Ram; Kiana Ramezanzadeh; Juwel Rana; Kamal Ranabhat; Priyanga Ranasinghe; Chythra R. Rao; Sowmya J. Rao; Sina Rashedi; Amirfarzan Rashidi; Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi; Zubair Ahmed Ratan; David Laith Rawaf; Salman Rawaf; Lal Rawal; Reza Rawassizadeh; Mohammad Sadegh Razeghinia; Ashfaq Ur Rehman; Inayat Ur Rehman; Marissa B. Reitsma; Andre M. N. Renzaho; Maryam Rezaei; Nima Rezaei; Saeid Rezaei; Mohsen Rezaeian; Aziz Rezapour; Abanoub Riad; Reza Rikhtegar; Maria Rios-Blancas; Thomas J. Roberts; Peter Rohloff; Esperanza Romero-Rodriguez; Gholamreza Roshandel; Godfrey M. Rwegerera; S. Manjula; Maha Mohamed Saber-Ayad; Bahar Saberzadeh-Ardestani; Siamak Sabour; Basema Saddik; Erfan Sadeghi; Mohammad Reza Saeb; Umar Saeed; Mohsen Safaei; Azam Safary; Maryam Sahebazzamani; Amirhossein Sahebkar; Harihar Sahoo; Mirza Rizwan Sajid; Hedayat Salari; Sana Salehi; Marwa Rashad Salem; Hamideh Salimzadeh; Yoseph Leonardo Samodra; Abdallah M. Samy; Juan Sanabria; Senthilkumar Sankararaman; Francesco Sanmarchi; Milena M. Santric-Milicevic; Muhammad Arif Nadeem Saqib; Arash Sarveazad; Fatemeh Sarvi; Brijesh Sathian; Maheswar Satpathy; Nicolas Sayegh; Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider; Michael Schwarzinger; Mario Sekerija; Subramanian Senthilkumaran; Sadaf G. Sepanlou; Allen Seylani; Kenbon Seyoum; Feng Sha; Omid Shafaat; Pritik A. Shah; Saeed Shahabi; Izza Shahid; Mohammad Amin Shahrbaf; Hamid R. Shahsavari; Masood Ali Shaikh; Mohammed Feyisso Shaka; Elaheh Shaker; Mohammed Shannawaz; Mequannent Melaku Sharew Sharew; Azam Sharifi; Javad Sharifi-Rad; Purva Sharma; Bereket Beyene Shashamo; Aziz Sheikh; Mahdi Sheikh; Sara Sheikhbahaei; Rahim Ali Sheikhi; Ali Sheikhy; Peter Robin Shepherd; Adithi Shetty; Jeevan K. Shetty; Ranjitha S. Shetty; Kenji Shibuya; Reza Shirkoohi; Hesamaddin Shirzad-Aski; K. M. Shivakumar; Siddharudha Shivalli; Velizar Shivarov; Parnian Shobeiri; Zahra Shokri Varniab; Seyed Afshin Shorofi; Sunil Shrestha; Migbar Mekonnen Sibhat; SudeepK Siddappa Malleshappa; Negussie Boti Sidemo; Diego Augusto Santos Silva; Luas Manuel Lopes Rodrigues Silva; Guilherme Silva Julian; Nicola Silvestris; Wudneh Simegn; Achintya Dinesh Singh; Ambrish Singh; Garima Singh; Harpreet Singh; Jasvinder A. Singh; Jitendra Kumar Singh; Paramdeep Singh; Surjit Singh; Dhirendra Narain Sinha; Abiy H. Sinke; Md Shahjahan Siraj; Freddy Sitas; Samarjeet Singh Siwal; Valentin Yurievich Skryabin; Anna Aleksandrovna Skryabina; Bogdan Socea; Matthew J. Soeberg; Ahmad Sofi-Mahmudi; Yonatan Solomon; Mohammad Sadegh Soltani-Zangbar; Suhang Song; Yimeng Song; Reed J. D. Sorensen; Sergey Soshnikov; Houman Sotoudeh; Alieu Sowe; Muawiyyah Babale Sufiyan; Ryan Suk; Muhammad Suleman; Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader; Saima Sultana; Daniel Sur; Miklas Szacska; Seidamir Pasha Tabaeian; Rafael Tabares-Seisdedos; Seyyed Mohammad Tabatabaei; Takahiro Tabuchi; Hooman Tadbiri; Ensiyeh Taheri; Majid Taheri; Moslem Taheri Soodejani; Ken Takahashi; Iman M. Talaat; Mircea Tampa; Ker-Kan Tan; Nathan Y. Tat; Vivian Y. Tat; Arash Tavakoli; Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi; Yohannes Tekalegn; Fisaha Haile Tesfay; Rekha Thapar; Aravind Thavamani; Viveksandeep Thoguluva Chandrasekar; Nihal Thomas; Nikhil Kenny Thomas; Jansje Henny Vera Ticoalu; Amir Tiyuri; Daniel Nigusse Tollosa; Roman Topor-Madry; Mathilde Touvier; Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone; Eugenio Traini; Mai Thi Ngoc Tran; Jaya Prasad Tripathy; Gebresilasea Gendisha Ukke; Irfan Ullah; Sana Ullah; Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan; Marco Vacante; Maryam Vaezi; Sahel Valadan Tahbaz; Pascual R. Valdez; Constantine Vardavas; Shoban Babu Varthya; Siavash Vaziri; Diana Zuleika Velazquez; Massimiliano Veroux; Paul J. Villeneuve; Francesco S. Violante; Sergey Konstantinovitch Vladimirov; Vasily Vlassov; Bay Vo; Linh Gia Vu; Abdul Wadood Wadood; Yasir Waheed; Mandaras Tariku Walde; Richard G. Wamai; Cong Wang; Fang Wang; Ning Wang; Yu Wang; Paul Ward; Abdul Waris; Ronny Westerman; Nuwan Darshana Wickramasinghe; Melat Woldemariam; Berhanu Woldu; Hong Xiao; Suowen Xu; Xiaoyue Xu; Lalit Yadav; Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari; Lin Yang; Fereshteh Yazdanpanah; Yigizie Yeshaw; Yazachew Yismaw; Naohiro Yonemoto; Mustafa Z. Younis; Zabihollah Yousefi; Fatemeh Yousefian; Chuanhua Yu; Yong Yu; Ismaeel Yunusa; Mazyar Zahir; Nazar Zaki; Burhan Abdullah Zaman; Moein Zangiabadian; Fariba Zare; Iman Zare; Zahra Zareshahrabadi; Armin Zarrintan; Mikhail Sergeevich Zastrozhin; Mohammad A. Zeineddine; Dongyu Zhang; Jianrong Zhang; Yunquan Zhang; Zhi-Jiang Zhang; Linghui Zhou; Sanjay Zodpey; Mohammad Zoladl; Theo Vos; Simon Hay; Lisa M. Force; Christopher J. L. Murray; GBD 2019 Cancer Risk Factors Collaborators

doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01438-6

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The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Khanh Bao Tran, Justin J. Lang, Kelly Compton, Rixing Xu, Alistair R. Acheson, Hannah Jacqueline Henrikson, Jonathan M. Kocarnik, Louise Penberthy, Amirali Aali, Qamar Abbas, …

The Lancet (British edition), Vol.400(10352), pp.563-591

20/08/2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01438-6

PMID: 35988567

Abstract

General & Internal Medicine

Life Sciences & Biomedicine

Medicine, General & Internal

Science & Technology

Background Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to inform cancer control planning efforts globally. Methods The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate cancer burden attributable to behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk factors. A total of 82 risk-outcome pairs were included on the basis of the World Cancer Research Fund criteria. Estimated cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and change in these measures between 2010 and 2019 are presented. Findings Globally, in 2019, the risk factors included in this analysis accounted for 4.45 million (95% uncertainty interval 4.01-4.94) deaths and 105 million (95.0-116) DALYs for both sexes combined, representing 44.4% (41.3-48.4) of all cancer deaths and 42.0% (39.1-45.6) of all DALYs. There were 2.88 million (2.60-3.18) risk-attributable cancer deaths in males (50.6% [47.8-54.1] of all male cancer deaths) and 1.58 million (1.36-1.84) risk-attributable cancer deaths in females (36.3% [32.5-41.3] of all female cancer deaths). The leading risk factors at the most detailed level globally for risk-attributable cancer deaths and DALYs in 2019 for both sexes combined were smoking, followed by alcohol use and high BMI. Risk-attributable cancer burden varied by world region and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), with smoking, unsafe sex, and alcohol use being the three leading risk factors for risk-attributable cancer DALYs in low SDI locations in 2019, whereas DALYs in high SDI locations mirrored the top three global risk factor rankings. From 2010 to 2019, global risk-attributable cancer deaths increased by 20.4% (12.6-28.4) and DALYs by 16.8% (8.8-25.0), with the greatest percentage increase in metabolic risks (34.7% [27.9-42.8] and 33.3% [25.8-42.0]). Interpretation The leading risk factors contributing to global cancer burden in 2019 were behavioural, whereas metabolic risk factors saw the largest increases between 2010 and 2019. Reducing exposure to these modifiable risk factors would decrease cancer mortality and DALY rates worldwide, and policies should be tailored appropriately to local cancer risk factor burden. Copyright (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.

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Title: The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Creators: Khanh Bao Tran - University of Auckland
Justin J. Lang - Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Ctr Surveillance & Appl Res, Ottawa, ON, Canada
Kelly Compton - University of Washington
Rixing Xu - University of Washington
Alistair R. Acheson - University of Washington
Hannah Jacqueline Henrikson - University of Washington
Jonathan M. Kocarnik - University of Washington
Louise Penberthy - University of Washington
Amirali Aali - College Station Medical Center
Qamar Abbas - University of Bahrain
Behzad Abbasi - University of Tehran
Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari - Shahid Beheshti University
Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari - University of Tehran
Hedayat Abbastabar - University of Tehran
Michael Abdelmasseh - Marshall University
Sherief Abd-Elsalam - Tanta University
Ahmed Abdelwahab Abdelwahab - College Station Medical Center
Gholamreza Abdoli - College Station Medical Center
Hanan Abdulkadir Abdulkadir - Arba Minch University
Aidin Abedi - Univ Southern Calif, Dept Neurosurg, Los Angeles, CA USA
Kedir Hussein Abegaz - Near East University
Hassan Abidi - College Station Medical Center
Richard Gyan Aboagye - Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Family & Community Hlth, Ho, Ghana
Hassan Abolhassani - University of Tehran
Abdorrahim Absalan - College Station Medical Center
Yonas Derso Abtew - Arba Minch University
Hiwa Abubaker Ali - Univ Human Dev, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Eman Abu-Gharbieh - Univ Sharjah, Clin Sci Dept, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates
Basavaprabhu Achappa - College Station Medical Center
Juan Manuel Acuna - Khalifa University of Science and Technology
Daniel Addison - The Ohio State University
Isaac Yeboah Addo - UNSW Sydney
Oyelola A. Adegboye - James Cook University
Miracle Ayomikun Adesina - Slum & Rural Hlth Initiat Res Acad, Slum & Rural Hlth Initiat, Ibadan, Nigeria
Mohammad Adnan - Indiana University
Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani - College Station Medical Center
Shailesh M. Advani - Terasaki Inst Biomed Innovat, Los Angeles, CA USA
Sumia Afrin - University of Dhaka
Muhammad Sohail Afzal - Univ Management & Technol, Dept Life Sci, Lahore, Pakistan
Manik Aggarwal - College Station Medical Center
Bright Opoku Ahinkorah - University of Technology Sydney
Araz Ramazan Ahmad - Int Relat & Diplomacy, Coll Nursing, Ranya, Iraq
Rizwan Ahmad - Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Sohail Ahmad - Abasyn University
Sepideh Ahmadi - Shahid Beheshti University
Haroon Ahmed - COMSATS Inst Informat Technol, Dept Biosci, Islamabad, Pakistan
Luai A. Ahmed - United Arab Emirates University
Muktar Beshir Ahmed - Jimma University
Tarik Ahmed Rashid - University of Kurdistan Hewler
Wajeeha Aiman - College Station Medical Center
Marjan Ajami - Natl Inst Nutr, Dept Food & Nutr Policy & Planning Res, Tehran, Iran
Gizachew Taddesse Akalu - Millennium Engineering and Integration
Mostafa Akbarzadeh-Khiavi - College Station Medical Center
Addis Aklilu - Arba Minch University
Maxwell Akonde - University of South Carolina
Chisom Joyqueenet Akunna - Intercountry Ctr Oral Hlth Africa, Dept Publ Hlth, Jos, Nigeria
Hanadi Al Hamad - College Station Medical Center
Fares Alahdab - Mayo Clin Fdn Med Educ & Res, Mayo Evidence Based Practice Ctr, Rochester, MN USA
Fahad Mashhour Alanezi - Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Turki M. Alanzi - Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Saleh Ali Alessy - Saudi Elect Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Abdelazeem M. Algammal - Suez Canal University
Mohammed Khaled Al-Hanawi - King Abdulaziz University
Robert Kaba Alhassan - Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Inst Hlth Res, Ho, Ghana
Beriwan Abdulqadir Ali - Supreme Council Of Health
Liaqat Ali - College Station Medical Center
Syed Shujait Ali - University of Swat
Yousef Alimohamadi - University of Tehran
Vahid Alipour - College Station Medical Center
Syed Mohamed Aljunid - Kuwait University
Motasem Alkhayyat - College Station Medical Center
Sadeq Ali Ali Al-Maweri - Qatar University
Sami Almustanyir - Alfaisal University
Nivaldo Alonso - University of Sao Paulo
Shehabaldin Alqalyoobi - East Carolina University
Rajaa M. Al-Raddadi - King Abdulaziz University
Rami H. Hani Al-Rifai - United Arab Emirates University
Salman Khalifah Al-Sabah - Kuwait University
Alaa B. Al-Tammemi - University of Debrecen
Haya Altawalah - Kuwait University
Nelson Alvis-Guzman - University of the Coast
Firehiwot Amare - Haramaya University
Edward Kwabena Ameyaw - University of Technology Sydney
Javad Javad Aminian Dehkordi - Univ Calif Berkeley, Appl Sci & Technol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
Mohammad Hosein Amirzade-Iranaq - University of Tehran
Hubert Amu - Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Populat & Behav Sci, Ho, Ghana
Ganiyu Adeniyi Amusa - University of Jos
Robert Ancuceanu - College Station Medical Center
Jason A. Anderson - University of Washington
Yaregal Animut Animut - University of Gondar
Amir Anoushiravani - University of Tehran
Ali Arash Anoushirvani - College Station Medical Center
Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam - Biostat
Mustafa Geleto Ansha - Debre Berhan University
Benny Antony - University of Tasmania
Maxwell Hubert Antwi - College Station Medical Center
Sumadi Lukman Anwar - Universitas Gadjah Mada
Razique Anwer - Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islam Univ, Dept Pathol, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Anayochukwu Edward Anyasodor - Charles Sturt University
Jalal Arabloo - College Station Medical Center
Morteza Arab-Zozani - College Station Medical Center
Olatunde Aremu - Birmingham City University
Ayele Mamo Argaw - Madda Walabu Univ, Clin Pharm, Goba, Ethiopia
Hany Ariffin - Univ Malaya, Dept Paediat, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Timur Aripov - College Station Medical Center
Muhammad Arshad - University of Peshawar
Al Artaman - Zayed University
Judie Arulappan - Sultan Qaboos University
Raphael Taiwo Aruleba - University of Cape Town
Armin Aryannejad - University of Tehran
Malke Asaad - Univ Texas Houston, Dept Plast Surg, Houston, TX USA
Mulusew A. Asemahagn - Bahir Dar University
Zatollah Asemi - College Station Medical Center
Mohammad Asghari-Jafarabadi - College Station Medical Center
Tahira Ashraf - University of Lahore
Reza Assadi - College Station Medical Center
Mohammad Athar - Umm Al Qura Univ, Dept Med Genet, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
Seyyed Shamsadin Athari - College Station Medical Center
Maha Mohd Wahbi Atout Null
Sameh Attia - University of Giessen
Avinash Aujayeb - Northumbria HealthCare NHS Fdn Trust, Natl Hlth Serv Scotland, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England
Marcel Ausloos - University of Leicester
Leticia Avila-Burgos - Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Ctr HealthSyst Res, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
Atalel Fentahun Awedew - Addis Ababa University
Mamaru Ayenew Awoke - University of Melbourne
Tewachew Awoke - Bahir Dar University
Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla - La Trobe University
Tegegn Mulatu Ayana - Arba Minch University
Solomon Shitu Ayen - Wolkite University
Davood Azadi - Arak University
Sina Azadnajafabad Null
Saber Azami-Aghdash - College Station Medical Center
Melkalem Mamuye Azanaw - Debre Tabor University
Mohammadreza Azangou-Khyavy - University of Tehran
Amirhossein Azari Jafari - Supreme Council Of Health
Hosein Azizi - University of Tehran
Ahmed Y. Y. Azzam - Nested Knowledge, Dept Neurovasc Res, St Paul, MN USA
Amirhesam Babajani - Shahid Beheshti University
Muhammad Badar - Gomal Univ, Gomal Ctr Biochem & Biotechnol, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
Ashish D. Badiye - Govt Inst Forens Sci, Dept Forens Sci, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Nayereh Baghcheghi - College Station Medical Center
Nader Bagheri - Shahrekord University
Sara Bagherieh - Supreme Council Of Health
Saeed Bahadory - Tarbiat Modares University
Atif Amin Baig - Univ Sultan Zainal Abidin, Unit Biochem, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
Jennifer L. Baker - Bispebjerg Hosp, Ctr Clin Res & Prevent, Frederiksberg, Denmark
Ahad Bakhtiari - University of Tehran
Ravleen Kaur Bakshi - College Station Medical Center
Maciej Banach - College Station Medical Center
Indrajit Banerjee - College Station Medical Center
Mainak Bardhan - College Station Medical Center
Francesco Barone-Adesi - College Station Medical Center
Fabio Barra - University of Genoa
Amadou Barrow - University of the Gambia
Nasir Z. Bashir - University of Bristol
Azadeh Bashiri - Shiraz University
Saurav Basu - Indian Inst Publ Hlth, Acad Dept, Gurgaon, India
Abdul-Monim Mohammad Batiha - Philadelphia Univ, Fac Nursing, Amman, Jordan
Aeysha Begum
Alehegn Bekele Bekele - Arba Minch University
Alemayehu Sayih Belay - Mizan Tepi University
Melaku Ashagrie Belete - Wollo University
Uzma Iqbal Belgaumi - Dept Oral Pathol & Microbiol, Karad, India
Arielle Wilder Bell - Harvard University
Luis Belo - Universidade do Porto
Habib Benzian - NYU, Dept Epidemiol & Hlth Promot, New York, NY USA
Alemshet Yirga Berhie - Bahir Dar University
Amiel Nazer C. Bermudez - University of the Philippines Manila
Eduardo Bernabe - Kings Coll London, Fac Dent Oral & Craniofacial Sci, London, England
Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula - United Arab Emirates University
Neeraj Bhala - College Station Medical Center
Bharti Bhandari Bhandari - College Station Medical Center
Nikha Bhardwaj - College Station Medical Center
Pankaj Bhardwaj - College Station Medical Center
Krittika Bhattacharyya - Natl Inst Biomed Genom, Dept Stat & Computat Genom, Kalyani, W Bengal, India
Vijayalakshmi S. Bhojaraja - Royal Coll Surgeons Ireland, Dept Anat, Dublin, Ireland
Soumitra S. Bhuyan - Rutgers State Univ, Hlth Adm, New Brunswick, NJ USA
Sadia Bibi - Univ Agr Faisalabad, Inst Soil & Environm Sci, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Awraris Hailu Bilchut - Debre Berhan University
Bagas Suryo Bintoro - College Station Medical Center
Antonio Biondi - University of Catania
Mesfin Geremaw Birega Birega - Mizan Tepi University
Habitu Eshetu Birhan - University of Gondar
Tone Bjorge - University of Bergen
Oleg Blyuss - Queen Mary University of London
Belay Boda Abule Bodicha
Srinivasa Rao Bolla - Nazarbayev Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Nur Sultan City, Kazakhstan
Archith Boloor - College Station Medical Center
Cristina Bosetti - Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Dept Oncol, Milan, Italy
Dejana Braithwaite - Univ Florida, Dept Epidemiol, Gainesville, FL USA
Michael Brauer - University of Washington
Hermann Brenner - Heidelberg
Andrey Nikolaevich Briko - Bauman Moscow State Tech Univ, Dept Biomed Technol, Moscow, Russia
Nikolay Ivanovich Briko - Evidence
Christina Maree Buchanan - University of Auckland
Norma B. Bulamu - Flinders University
Maria Teresa Bustamante-Teixeira - Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Dept Publ Hlth, Juiz De Fora, Brazil
Muhammad Hammad Butt - Univ Cent Punjab, Fac Pharm, Lahore, Pakistan
Nadeem Shafique Butt - King Abdulaziz University
Zahid A. Butt - University of Waterloo
Florentino Luciano Caetano dos Santos - Supreme Council Of Health
Luis Alberto Camera - College Station Medical Center
Chao Cao - Washington Univ, Program Phys Therapy, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
Yin Cao - Washington Univ, Dept Surg, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
Giulia Carreras - Florence
Marcia Carvalho - Universidade do Porto
Francieli Cembranel - Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Nutr, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
Ester Cerin - Australian Catholic University
Promit Ananyo Chakraborty - University of British Columbia
Periklis Charalampous - Erasmus MC, Dept Publ Hlth, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Vijay Kumar Chattu - College Station Medical Center
Odgerel Chimed-Ochir - Hiroshima University
Jesus Lorenzo Chirinos-Caceres - Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
Daniel Youngwhan Cho - Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Div Plast Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
William C. S. Cho - Queen Elizabeth Hosp, Dept Clin Oncol, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
Devasahayam J. Christopher - College Station Medical Center
Dinh-Toi Chu - Supreme Council Of Health
Isaac Sunday Chukwu - Fed Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Umuahia, Nigeria
Aaron J. Cohen - University of Washington
Joao Conde - University of Lisbon
Sandra Cortas - Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Publ Hlth, Santiago, Chile
Vera Marisa Costa - Universidade do Porto
Natalia Cruz-Martins - Universidade do Porto
Garland T. Culbreth - University of Washington
Omid Dadras - University of Bergen
Fentaw Teshome Dagnaw - Debre Tabor University
Saad M. A. Dahlawi - Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Xiaochen Dai - University of Washington
Lalit Dandona - University of Washington
Rakhi Dandona - University of Washington
Parnaz Daneshpajouhnejad - College Station Medical Center
Anna Danielewicz - Univ Warmia & Mazury, Dept Human Nutr, Olsztyn, Poland
An Thi Minh Dao - University of Queensland
Reza Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani - Arak University
Aso Mohammad Darwesh - Univ Human Dev, Dept Informat Technol, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Saswati Das - Minist Hlth & Welf, Dept Biochem, New Delhi, India
Dragos Virgil Davitoiu - College Station Medical Center
Elham Davtalab Esmaeili - College Station Medical Center
Fernando Pio De la Hoz - Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Publ Hlth, Bogota, Colombia
Sisay Abebe Debela - Supreme Council Of Health
Azizallah Dehghan - College Station Medical Center
Biniyam Demisse - Arba Minch University
Fitsum Wolde Demisse - Arba Minch University
Edgar DenovaGutiA - Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Ctr Nutr & Hlth Res, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
Afshin Derakhshani - Addis Ababa University
Meseret Derbew Molla - University of Gondar
Diriba Dereje - Jimma University
Kalkidan Solomon Deribe - Addis Ababa University
Rupak Desai - College Station Medical Center
Markos Desalegn Desalegn - Wollega University
Fikadu Nugusu Dessalegn - Madda Walabu Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Bale Goba, Ethiopia
Samuel Abebe A. Dessalegni - Arba Minch University
Gashaw Dessie - University of Gondar
Abebaw Alemayehu Desta - University of Gondar
Syed Masudur Rahman Dewan - College Station Medical Center
Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne - University of Washington
Meghnath Dhimal - Nepal Hlth Res Council, Hlth Res Sect, Kathmandu, Nepal
Mostafa Dianatinasab - Shiraz University
Nancy Diao - Harvard University
Daniel Diaz - Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Complex Sci, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Lankamo Ena Digesa - Arba Minch University
Shilpi Gupta Dixit - College Station Medical Center
Saeid Doaei - Shahid Beheshti University
Linh Phuong Doan - Duy Tan University
Paul Narh Doku - University of Cape Coast
Deepa Dongarwar - Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Houston, TX 77030 USA
Wendel Mombaque dos Santos - Oswaldo Cruz German Hosp, Responsabilidade Social, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Tim Robert Driscoll - University of Sydney
Haneil Larson Dsouza - College Station Medical Center
Oyewole Christopher Durojaiye - University of Sheffield
Sareh Edalati - Shahid Beheshti University
Fatemeh Eghbalian - College Station Medical Center
Elham Ehsani-Chimeh - University of Tehran
Ebrahim Eini - College Station Medical Center
Michael Ekholuenetale - University of Ibadan
Temitope Cyrus Ekundayo - College Station Medical Center
Donatus U. Ekwueme - Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA
Maha El Tantawi - Alexandria University
Mostafa Ahmed Elbahnasawy - Al Azhar Univ, Microbiol Dept, Cairo, Egypt
Iffat Elbarazi - United Arab Emirates University
Hesham Elghazaly - Ain Shams University
Muhammed Elhadi - University of Tripoli
Waseem El-Huneidi - Univ Sharjah, Dept Basic Med Sci, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates
Mohammad Hassan Emamian - College Station Medical Center
Luchuo Engelbert Bain - University of Lincoln
Daniel Berhanie Enyew - Haramaya University
Ryenchindorj Erkhembayar - College Station Medical Center
Tegegne Eshetu - University of Gondar
Babak Eshrati - College Station Medical Center
Sharareh Eskandarieh - University of Tehran
Juan Espinosa-Montero - Natl Inst Publ Hlth Mexico, Dept Obes Diabet & Cardiovasc Risk, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
Farshid Etaee - Yale University
Azin Etemadimanesh - University of Tehran
Tahir Eyayu - Debre Tabor University
Ifeanyi Jude Ezeonwumelu - Autonomous Univ Barcelona, Inst Hlth Sci Res Germans Trias & Pujol, Badalona, Spain
Sayeh Ezzikouri - Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute
Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe - University of Ibadan
Saman Fahimi - University of Tehran
Ildar Ravisovich Fakhradiyev - Alma
Emerito Jose A. Faraon - University of the Philippines Manila
Jawad Fares - Northwestern Univ, Dept Neurol Surg, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
Abbas Farmany - College Station Medical Center
Umar Farooque - College Station Medical Center
Hossein Farrokhpour - University of Tehran
Abidemi Omolara Fasanmi - Supreme Council Of Health
Ali Fatehizadeh - College Station Medical Center
Wafa Fatima - University of Lahore
Hamed Fattahi - College Station Medical Center
Ginenus Fekadu - Wollega University
Berhanu Elfu Feleke - Bahir Dar University
Allegra Allegra Ferrari - University of Genoa
Simone Ferrero - University of Genoa
Lorenzo Ferro Desideri - University of Genoa
Irina Filip - Kaiser Permanente
Florian Fischer - Charite Univ Med Berlin, Inst Publ Hlth, Berlin, Germany
Roham Foroumadi - University of Tehran
Masoud Foroutan - College Station Medical Center
Takeshi Fukumoto - Kobe University
Peter Andras Gaal - Semmelweis University
Mohamed M. Gad - College Station Medical Center
Muktar A. Gadanya - College Station Medical Center
Abduzhappar Gaipov - Nazarbayev Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, Nur Sultan, Kazakhstan
Nasrin Galehdar - Lorestan University
Silvano Gallus - Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Milan, Italy
Tushar Garg - Mécanique et Engrenage Moderne
Mariana Gaspar Fonseca - Natl Hlth Serv, London, England
Yosef Haile Gebremariam - Arba Minch University
Teferi Gebru Gebremeskel - Aksum University
Mathewos Alemu Gebremichael - Arba Minch University
Yohannes Fikadu Geda - Wolkite University
Yibeltal Yismaw Gela - University of Gondar
Belete Negese Belete Gemeda - Debre Berhan University
Melaku Getachew - Haramaya University
Motuma Erena Getachew - Jimma University
Kazem Ghaffari - College Station Medical Center
Mansour Ghafourifard - College Station Medical Center
Seyyed-Hadi Ghamari - University of Tehran
Mohammad Ghasemi Nour - College Station Medical Center
Fariba Ghassemi - University of Tehran
Ajnish Ghimire - Nepal Hlth Res Council, Res Sect, Kathmandu, Nepal
Nermin Ghith - Tech Univ Denmark, Res Grp Genom Epidemiol, Copenhagen, Denmark
Maryam Gholamalizadeh - Shahid Beheshti University
Jamshid Gholizadeh Navashenaq
Sherief Ghozy - Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, Rochester, MN USA
Syed Amir Gilani - University of Lahore
Paramjit Singh Gill - University of Warwick
Themba G. Ginindza - University of KwaZulu-Natal
Abraham Tamirat T. Gizaw - Jimma University
James C. Glasbey - University of Birmingham
Justyna Godos - Oasi Res Inst, Dept Labs, Troina, Italy
Amit Goel - College Station Medical Center
Mahaveer Golechha - Indian Inst Publ Hlth, Hlth Syst & Policy Res, Gandhinagar, India
Pouya Goleij - Sana Inst Higher Educ, Dept Genet, Sari, Iran
Davide Golinelli - University of Bologna
Mohamad Golitaleb - Arak University
Giuseppe Gorini - Florence
Barbara Niegia Garcia Goulart - Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
Giuseppe Grosso - University of Catania
Habtamu Alganeh Guadie - Bahir Dar University
Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari - College Station Medical Center
Temesgen Worku Gudayu - University of Gondar
Maximiliano Ribeiro Guerra - Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Dept Publ Hlth, Juiz De Fora, Brazil
Damitha Asanga Gunawardane - University of Peradeniya
Bhawna Gupta - Torrens University Australia
Sapna Gupta - Shriram Inst Ind Res, Toxicol Dept, Delhi, India
VeerBala Gupta - Deakin University
Vivek Kumar Gupta - Macquarie University
Mekdes Kondale Gurara - Arba Minch University
Alemu Guta - Dire Dawa University
Parham Habibzadeh - Shiraz University
Atlas Haddadi Avval - Supreme Council Of Health
Nima Hafezi-Nejad - University of Tehran
Adel Hajj Ali - Cleveland Clin, Heart Vasc Thorac Inst, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
Arvin Haj-Mirzaian - Shahid Beheshti University
Esam S. Halboub - Jazan University
Aram Halimi - Shahid Beheshti University
Rabih Halwani - Univ Sharjah, Clin Sci Dept, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates
Randah R. Hamadeh - Arabian Gulf University
Sajid Hameed - University of Lahore
Samer Hamidi - Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University
Asif Hanif - University of Lahore
Sanam Hariri - College Station Medical Center
Netanja Harlianto - College Station Medical Center
Josep Maria Haro - Universitat de Barcelona
Risky Kusuma Hartono - Indonesian Adv Coll Hlth Sci, Inst Publ Hlth Sci, Jakarta, Indonesia
Ahmed Hasaballah - Al Azhar Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, Cairo, Egypt
S. M. Mahmudul Hasan - German Univ Bangladesh, Dept Publ Hlth, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Hamidreza Hasani - IUMS, Ophthalmol, Karaj, Iran
Seyedeh Melika Hashemi - University of Tehran
Abbas M. Hassan - Univ Texas Houston, Dept Plast Surg, Houston, TX USA
Soheil Hassanipour - College Station Medical Center
Khezar Hayat - Univ Vet & Anim Sci, Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Lahore, Pakistan
Golnaz Heidari
Mohammad Heidari - Shahrekord University
Zahra Heidarymeybodi - College Station Medical Center
Brenda Yuliana Herrera-Serna - Autonomous Univ Manizales, Dept Salud Oral, Manizales, Colombia
Claudiu Herteliu - Bucharest Univ Econ Studies, Dept Stat & Econometr, Bucharest, Romania
Kamal Hezam - Taiz University
Yuta Hiraike - The University of Tokyo
Mbuzeleni Mbuzeleni Hlongwa - University of KwaZulu-Natal
Ramesh Holla - College Station Medical Center
Marianne Holm - Int Vaccine Inst, Epidemiol & Publ Hlth Res Dept, Seoul, South Korea
Nobuyuki Horita - Yokohama City University
Mohammad Hoseini - Shiraz University
Md Mahbub Hossain - Nat Study Soc Bangladesh, Social & Environm Hlth Res Dept, Khulna, Bangladesh
Mohammad Bellal Hossain Hossain - University of Dhaka
Mohammad-Salar Hosseini - College Station Medical Center
Ali Hosseinzadeh - College Station Medical Center
Mehdi Hosseinzadeh - Univ Human Dev, Dept Comp Sci, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Mihaela Hostiuc - College Station Medical Center
Sorin Hostiuc - College Station Medical Center
Mowafa Househ - Hamad bin Khalifa University
Junjie Huang - Chinese University of Hong Kong
Fernando N. Hugo - Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Prevent & Social Dent, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
Ayesha Humayun - College Station Medical Center
Salman Hussain - Masaryk University
Nawfal R. Hussein - University of Zakho
Bing-Fang Hwang - College Station Medical Center
Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye - University of Ibadan
Pulwasha Maria Iftikhar - CUNY, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, New York, NY USA
Kevin S. Ikuta - University of Washington
Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi - University of Ibadan
Irena M. Ilic - University of Belgrade
Milena D. Ilic - University of Kragujevac
Mustapha Immurana - Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Inst Hlth Res, Ho, Ghana
Kaire Innos - Biostat
Pooya Iranpour - Shiraz University
Lalu Muhammad Irham - Univ Ahmad Dahlan, Fac Pharm, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Md Shariful Islam - Inst Publ Hlth Nutr, Dept Nutr Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Rakibul M. Islam - Monash University
Farhad Islami - Amer Canc Soc, Surveillance & Hlth Serv Res, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA
Nahlah Elkudssiah Ismail - Mahsa University
Gaetano Isola - University of Catania
Masao Iwagami - University of Tsukuba
Linda J. Merin - Dr DY Patil Univ, Dept Orthodont & Dentofacial Orthoped, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Abhishek Jaiswal - College Station Medical Center
Mihajlo Jakovljevic - Peter Great St Petersburg Polytech Univ, Inst Adv Mfg Technol, St Petersburg, Russia
Mahsa Jalili - College Station Medical Center
Shahram Jalilian - College Station Medical Center
Elham Jamshidi - Shahid Beheshti University
Sung-In Jang - Yonsei University
Chinmay T. Jani - Harvard University
Tahereh Javaheri - Boston University
Umesh Umesh Jayarajah - University of Colombo
Shubha Jayaram - College Station Medical Center
Seyed Behzad Jazayeri - Univ Florida, Urol Dept, Jacksonville, FL USA
Rime Jebai - Florida Int Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Miami, FL 33199 USA
Bedru Jemal - Dilla University
Wonjeong Jeong - Yonsei University
Ravi Prakash Jha - College Station Medical Center
Har Ashish Jindal - Minist Hlth & Family Welf, Natl Hlth Syst Resource Ctr, New Delhi, India
Yetunde O. John-Akinola - University of Ibadan
Jost B. Jonas - Inst Mol & Clin Ophthalmol Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Tamas Joo - Semmelweis University
Nitin Joseph - College Station Medical Center
Farahnaz Joukar - College Station Medical Center
Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak - College Station Medical Center
Mikk Jarisson - University of Tartu
Ali Kabir - College Station Medical Center
Salah Eddine Oussama Kacimi - College Station Medical Center
Vidya Kadashetti - College Station Medical Center
Farima Kahe - Harvard University
Pradnya Vishal Kakodkar
Leila R. Kalankesh - Supreme Council Of Health
Rohollah Kalhor - College Station Medical Center
Vineet Kumar Kamal - Biostat
Farin Kamangar - University of Tehran
Ashwin Kamath - College Station Medical Center
Tanuj Kanchan - College Station Medical Center
Eswar Kandaswamy - Louisiana State University
Himal Kandel - University of Sydney
HyeJung Kang
Girum Gebremeskel Kanno - Dilla University
Neeti Kapoor - Govt Inst Forens Sci, Dept Forens Sci, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Sitanshu Sekhar Kar - College Station Medical Center
Shama D. Karanth - Univ Florida, UF Hlth Canc Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA
Ibraheem M. Karaye - Hofstra University
AndrA Karch - University of Münster
Amirali Karimi - University of Tehran
Bekalu Getnet Kassa - Debre Tabor University
Patrick D. M. C. Katoto - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
Joonas H. Kauppila - University of Oulu
Harkiran Kaur - Publ Hlth Fdn India, Res Dept, Gurugram, India
Abinet Gebremickael Kebede - Arba Minch University
Leila Keikavoosi-Arani - College Station Medical Center
Gemechu Gemechu Kejela - Wollega University
Phillip M. Kemp Bohan - Brooke
Maryam Keramati - College Station Medical Center
Mohammad Keykhaei - University of Tehran
Himanshu Khajuria - Amity Univ, Amity Inst Forens Sci, Noida, India
Abbas Khan - Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Abdul Aziz Khan Khan - Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Ejaz Ahmad Khan - Biostat
Gulfaraz Khan - United Arab Emirates University
Md Nuruzzaman Khan
Moien Ab Khan - United Arab Emirates University
Javad Khanali - University of Tehran
Khaled Khatab - Sheffield Hallam University
Moawiah Mohammad Khatatbeh - Yarmouk University
Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib - Datta Meghe Inst Med Sci, Global Evidence Synth Initiat, Wardha, India
Maryam Khayamzadeh - Shahid Beheshti University
Hamid Reza Khayat Kashani - Shahid Beheshti University
Mohammad Amin Khazeei Tabari - College Station Medical Center
Mehdi Khezeli - College Station Medical Center
Mahmoud Khodadost - College Station Medical Center
Min Seo Kim - Samsung Adv Inst Hlth Sci & Technol, Dept Genom & Digital Hlth, Seoul, South Korea
Yun Jin Kim - Xiamen University Malaysia
Adnan Kisa - Supreme Council Of Health
Sezer Kisa - Oslo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Nursing & Hlth Promot, Oslo, Norway
Miloslav Klugar - Masaryk University
Jitka Klugarova - Masaryk University
Ali-Asghar Kolahi - Shahid Beheshti University
Pavel Kolkhir - Inst Allergol, Berlin, Germany
Farzad Kompani - University of Tehran
Parvaiz A. Koul - College Station Medical Center
Sindhura Lakshmi Koulmane Laxminarayana - College Station Medical Center
Ai Koyanagi - Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas
Kewal Krishan - Panjab University
Yuvaraj Krishnamoorthy - College Station Medical Center
Burcu Kucuk Bicer - Gazi University
Nuworza Kugbey - Univ Environm & Sustainable Dev, Somanya, Ghana
Mukhtar Kulimbet - Alma
Akshay Kumar - Mehta Inst Cardiol & Res Ctr, Cardiothorac Surg, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India
G. Anil Kumar - Publ Hlth Fdn India, Gurugram, India
Narinder Kumar - Medanta Hosp, Dept Orthopaed, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Om P. Kurmi - Coventry University
Ambily Kuttikkattu - Usha Hosp, Dept Nephrol, Chengannur, India
Carlo La Vecchia - University of Milan
Arista Lahiri - Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
Dharmesh Kumar Lal - Publ Hlth Fdn India, Gurugram, India
Judit Lam - Semmelweis University
Qing Lan - NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Rockville, MD USA
Ivan Landires - College Station Medical Center
Bagher Larijani
Savita Lasrado - College Station Medical Center
Jerrald Lau - Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Surg, Singapore, Singapore
Paolo Lauriola - Int Soc Doctors Environm, Arezzo, Italy
Caterina Ledda - University of Catania
Sang-woong Lee - Gachon University
Shaun Wen Huey Lee - Monash University
Wei-Chen Lee - Univ Texas Galveston, Off Hlth Policy & Legislat Affairs, Galveston, TX USA
Yeong Yeh Lee
Yo Han Lee - College Station Medical Center
Samson Mideksa Legesse - Ethiopian Publ Hlth Inst, Knowledge Translat Directorate, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
James Leigh - University of Sydney
Elvynna Leong - Univ Brunei Darussalam, Fac Sci, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
Ming-Chieh Li - Natl Taiwan Normal Univ, Dept Hlth Promot & Hlth Educ, Taipei, Taiwan
Stephen S. Lim - University of Washington
Gang Liu - University of Technology Sydney
Jue Liu - Peking University
Chun-Han Lo - Supreme Council Of Health
Ayush Lohiya - Kalyan Singh Super Specialty Canc Inst, Dept Publ Hlth, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Platon D. Lopukhov - IM Sechenov First Moscow State Med Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Evidence Based Med, Moscow, Russia
Laszla Lorenzovici - Syreon Res Romania, Dept Hlth Econ, Targu Mures, Romania
Mojgan Lotfi - College Station Medical Center
Joana A. Loureiro - Universidade do Porto
Raimundas Lunevicius - Liverpool Univ Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, Dept Gen Surg, Liverpool, Merseyside, England
Farzan Madadizadeh - Yazd University
Ahmad R. Mafi - Shahid Beheshti University
Sameh Magdeldin - Suez Canal University
Soleiman Mahjoub - College Station Medical Center
Ata Mahmoodpoor - College Station Medical Center
Morteza Mahmoudi - Michigan State University
Marzieh Mahmoudimanesh - Biostat
Rashidul Alam Mahumud - University of Sydney
Azeem Majeed - Imperial Coll London, Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth, London, England
Jamal Majidpoor - College Station Medical Center
Alaa Makki - Univ Sharjah, Mass Commun Dept, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates
Konstantinos Christos Makris - Cyprus University of Technology
Elaheh Malakan Rad - University of Tehran
Mohammad-Reza Malekpour - University of Tehran
Reza Malekzadeh - Shiraz University
Ahmad Azam Malik - King Abdulaziz University
Tauqeer Hussain Mallhi - Jouf Univ, Clin Pharm Dept, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
Sneha Deepak Mallya - College Station Medical Center
Mohammed A. Mamun - CHINTA Res Bangladesh, Dept Epidemiol, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Ana Laura Manda - College Station Medical Center
Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei - College Station Medical Center
Borhan Mansouri - College Station Medical Center
Mohammad Ali Mansournia - University of Tehran
Lorenzo Giovanni Mantovani - University of Milano-Bicocca
Santi Martini - Univ Airlangga, Fac Publ Hlth, Surabaya, Indonesia
Miquel Martorell - University of Concepción
Sahar Masoudi - University of Tehran
Seyedeh Zahra Masoumi - College Station Medical Center
Clara N. Matei - College Station Medical Center
Elezebeth Mathews - University of Kerala
Manu Raj Mathur - Publ Hlth Fdn India, Hlth Policy Res, Gurugram, India
Vasundhara Mathur - Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Orthoped Surg, Boston, MA 02114 USA
Martin McKee - Supreme Council Of Health
Jitendra Kumar Meena - College Station Medical Center
Khalid Mehmood - Nanjing University
Entezar Mehrabi Nasab - University of Tehran
Ravi Mehrotra - College Station Medical Center
Addisu Melese - Bahir Dar University
Walter Mendoza - United Nations
Ritesh G. Menezes - Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
SIsay Derso Mengesha - Ethiopian Publ Hlth Inst, Environm Hlth & Noninfect Dis Res Team, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Laverne G. Mensah - Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA
Alexios-Fotios A. Mentis - National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Andry Yasmid Mera Mera-Mamian - CES University
Tuomo J. Meretoja - Helsinki Univ Hosp, Breast Surg Unit, Helsinki, Finland
Mehari Woldemariam Merid - University of Gondar
Amanual Getnet Mersha - University of Gondar
Belsity Temesgen Meselu - Debre Markos University
Mahboobeh Meshkat - College Station Medical Center
Tomislav Mestrovic - University of Washington
Junmei Miao Jonasson - University of Gothenburg
Tomasz Miazgowski - College Station Medical Center
Irmina Maria Michalek - Lausanne Univ Hosp, Woman Mother Child Dept, Lausanne, Switzerland
Gelana Fekadu Worku Mijena - Haramaya University
Ted R. Miller - Pacific Inst Res & Evaluat, Calverton, MD USA
Shabir Ahmad Mir - Majmaah University
Seyed Kazem Mirinezhad - College Station Medical Center
Seyyedmohammadsadeq Mirmoeeni - Supreme Council Of Health
Mohammad Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari - Urmia University
Hamed Mirzaei - University of Tehran
Hamid Reza Mirzaei
Abay Sisay Misganaw - Addis Ababa University
Sanjeev Misra - College Station Medical Center
Karzan AbdulmuhsinMohammad - Salahaddin University-Erbil
Esmaeil Mohammadi - University of Tehran
Mokhtar Mohammadi - Lebanese French University
Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani - Shahrekord University
Reza Mohammadpourhodki - College Station Medical Center
Arif Mohammed - Univ Jeddah, Dept Biol, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Shafiu Mohammed - Ahmadu Bello University
Syam Mohan - Jazan University
Mohammad Mohseni - College Station Medical Center
Nagabhishek Moka - Appalachian Reg Healthcare, Oncol Dept, Hazard, KY USA
Ali H. Mokdad - University of Washington
Alex Molassiotis - Supreme Council Of Health
Mariam Molokhia - College Station Medical Center
Kaveh Momenzadeh - Harvard University
Sara Momtazmanesh - University of Tehran
Lorenzo Monasta - Burlo Garofolo Inst Maternal & Child Hlth, Clin Epidemiol & Publ Hlth Res Unit, Trieste, Italy
Ute Mons - University of Cologne
Ahmed Al Montasir - College Station Medical Center
Fateme Montazeri - University of Tehran
Arnulfo Montero - Autonomous University of Sinaloa
Mohammad Amin Moosavi - College Station Medical Center
Abdolvahab Moradi - Golestan University
Yousef Moradi - College Station Medical Center
Mostafa Moradi Sarabi - Lorestan University
Paula Moraga - King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Comp Elect Math Sci & Engn Div, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
Lidia Morawska - Queensland University of Technology
Shane Douglas Morrison - University of Washington
Jakub Morze - Univ Warmia & Mazury, Dept Cardiol & Cardiac Surg, Olsztyn, Poland
Abbas Mosapour - Tarbiat Modares University
Ebrahim Mostafavi - Stanford University
Seyyed Meysam Mousavi - College Station Medical Center
Haleh Mousavi Isfahani - College Station Medical Center
Amin Mousavi Khaneghah - Prof Waclaw Browski Inst Agr & Food Biotechnol, Dept Fruit & Vegetable Prod Technol, Warsaw, Poland
Christine Mpundu-Kaambwa - Flinders University
Sumaira Mubarik - Wuhan University
Francesk Mulita - Gen Univ Hosp Patras, Dept Surg, Patras, Greece
Daniel Munblit - College Station Medical Center
Sandra B. Munro - Invitae
Efran Murillo-Zamora - Mexican Inst Social Secur, Colima, Mexico
Jonah Musa - University of Jos
Ashraf F. Nabhan - Ain Shams University
Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan - Initiat Financing Hlth & Human Dev, Res & Analyt Dept, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Shankar Prasad Nagaraju - Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Nephrol, Manipal, Karnataka, India
Gabriele Nagel - College Station Medical Center
Mohammadreza Naghipour - College Station Medical Center
Mukhammad David Naimzada - Moscow Inst Phys & Technol, Lab Publ Hlth Indicators Anal & Hlth Digitalizat, Dolgoprudnyi, Russia
Tapas Sadasivan Nair - World Hlth Org, Hlth Workforce Dept, Geneva, Switzerland
Atta Abbas Naqvi - University of Reading
Sreenivas Narasimha Swamy - College Station Medical Center
Aparna Ichalangod Narayana - Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Manipal Coll Dent Sci, Manipal, Karnataka, India
Hasan Nassereldine - University of Washington
Zuhair S. Natto - King Abdulaziz University
Biswa Prakash Nayak - Amity Univ, Amity Inst Forens Sci, Noida, India
Rawlance Ndejjo - Makerere University
Sabina Onyinye Nduaguba - West Virginia University
Wogene Wogene Negash - Madda Walabu Univ, Dept Nursing, Goba, Ethiopia
Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi - Shahid Beheshti University
Kazem Nejati - College Station Medical Center
Sandhya Neupane Kandel - Estia Hlth, Estia Hlth Blakehurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Huy Van Nguyen Nguyen - Federat Univ Australia, Hlth Innovat & Transformat Ctr, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
Robina Khan Niazi - Int Islamic Univ Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
Nurulamin M. Noor - College Station Medical Center
Maryam Noori - College Station Medical Center
Nafise Noroozi
Hasti Nouraei - Shiraz University
Ali Nowroozi - University of Tehran
Virginia Nunez-Samudio - College Station Medical Center
Chimezie Igwegbe Nzoputam - Univ Benin, Ctr Excellence Reprod Hlth Innovat, Benin, Nigeria
Ogochukwu Janet Nzoputam - University of Lomé
Bogdan Oancea - University of Bucharest
Oluwakemi Ololade Odukoya - University of Lagos
Onome Bright Oghenetega - University of Ibadan
Ropo Ebenezer Ogunsakin - University of KwaZulu-Natal
Ayodipupo Sikiru Oguntade - College Station Medical Center
In-Hwan Oh - Kyung Hee University
Hassan Okati-Aliabad - College Station Medical Center
Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle - University of Ibadan
Andrew T. Olagunju - McMaster University
Tinuke O. Olagunju - McMaster University
Babayemi Oluwaseun Olakunde - Natl AIDS Control Comm, Community Prevent & Care Serv, Abuja, Nigeria
Isaac Iyinoluwa Olufadewa - Slum & Rural Hlth Initiat Res Acad, Slum & Rural Hlth Initiat, Ibadan, Nigeria
Emad Omer - Ajman University
Abidemi E. Emmanuel Omonisi - Ekiti State University
Sokking Ong - Minist Hlth, Noncommunicable Dis Prevent Unit, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
Obinna E. Onwujekwe - University of Nigeria, Nsukka
Hans Orru - University of Tartu
Stanislav S. Otstavnov - Moscow Inst Phys & Technol, Lab Publ Hlth Indicators Anal & Hlth Digitalizat, Dolgoprudnyi, Russia
Abderrahim Oulhaj - Khalifa University of Science and Technology
Bilcha Oumer - Arba Minch University
Oluwatomi Funbi Owopetu - Univ Coll Hosp, Dept Total Qual Management, Ibadan, Nigeria
Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye - Afe Babalola University
P. A. Mahesh - College Station Medical Center
Alicia Padron-Monedero - Supreme Council Of Health
Jagadish Rao Padubidri - College Station Medical Center
Babak Pakbin - College Station Medical Center
Keyvan Pakshir - Shiraz University
Reza Pakzad - Ilam University
Tamas Palicz - Semmelweis University
Adrian Pana - Bucharest Univ Econ Studies, Dept Stat & Econometr, Bucharest, Romania
Ashok Pandey - Publ Hlth Fdn India, Dept Res, Gurugram, India
Suman Pant - Nepal Hlth Res Council, Clin Res, Kathmandu, Nepal
Shahina Pardhan - Anglia Ruskin University
Eun-Kee Park - Yonsei University
Seoyeon Park - Yonsei University
Jay Patel - University of Edinburgh
Siddhartha Pati - Skills
Rajan Paudel - Tribhuvan University
Uttam Paudel - Nepal Hlth Res Council, Res Sect, Kathmandu, Nepal
Mihaela Paun - University of Bucharest
Hamidreza Pazoki Toroudi - College Station Medical Center
Minjin Peng - Taihe Hosp, Dept Infect Control, Shiyan, Peoples R China
Jeevan Pereira - Yenepoya University
Renato B. Pereira - Universidade do Porto
Simone Perna - University of Bahrain
Navaraj Perumalsamy - Yadava Coll, Dept Zool, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
Richard G. Pestell - College Station Medical Center
Raffaele Pezzani - Univ Padua, Dept Med, Padua, Italy
Cristiano Piccinelli - Univ Hosp Turin, SSD Epidemiol Screening, City Hlth & Sci, Turin, Italy
Julian David Pillay - Durban University of Technology
Zahra Zahid Piracha - Hlth Serv Acad, Dept Publ Hlth, Islamabad, Pakistan
Tobias Pischon - Charite Med Univ Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Maarten J. Postma - University of Groningen
Ashkan Pourabhari Langroudi - University of Tehran
Akram Pourshams - University of Tehran
Naeimeh Pourtaheri - College Station Medical Center
Akila Prashant - JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research
Mirza Muhammad Fahd Qadir - Tulane University
Zahiruddin Quazi Syed - College Station Medical Center
Mohammad Rabiee - Amirkabir University of Technology
Navid Rabiee - Macquarie University
Amir Radfar - College Station Medical Center
Raghu Anekal Radhakrishnan
Venkatraman Radhakrishnan - College Station Medical Center
Mojtaba Raeisi - Golestan University
Ata Rafiee - University of Alberta
Alireza Rafiei - College Station Medical Center
Nasiru Raheem - Fed Med Ctr, Pathol Dept, Yola, Nigeria
Fakher Rahim - University of Tehran
Md Obaidur Rahman
Mosiur Rahman - La Trobe University
Muhammad Aziz Rahman
Amir Masoud Rahmani - Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol, Future Technol Res Ctr, Huwei Township, Yunlin, Taiwan
Shayan Rahmani - University of Tehran
Vahid Rahmanian - Jahrom University
Nazanin Rajai - Harvard University
Aashish Rajesh - Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
Pradhum Ram - Emory University
Kiana Ramezanzadeh - Shahid Beheshti University
Juwel Rana - McGill University
Kamal Ranabhat - Minist Hlth & Populat, Hlth Emergency Operat Ctr, Kathmandu, Nepal
Priyanga Ranasinghe - University of Colombo
Chythra R. Rao - College Station Medical Center
Sowmya J. Rao - Sharavathi Dent Coll & Hosp, Dept Oral Pathol, Shimogga, India
Sina Rashedi - University of Tehran
Amirfarzan Rashidi - College Station Medical Center
Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi - University of Tehran
Zubair Ahmed Ratan - Khulna University
David Laith Rawaf - Imperial Coll London, WHO Collaborating Ctr Publ Hlth Educ & Training, London, England
Salman Rawaf - Imperial Coll London, Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth, London, England
Lal Rawal - Supreme Council Of Health
Reza Rawassizadeh - Boston University
Mohammad Sadegh Razeghinia - College Station Medical Center
Ashfaq Ur Rehman - Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Inayat Ur Rehman - Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan
Marissa B. Reitsma - University of Washington
Andre M. N. Renzaho - Western Sydney University
Maryam Rezaei - College Station Medical Center
Nima Rezaei - University of Tehran
Saeid Rezaei - College Station Medical Center
Mohsen Rezaeian - Biostat
Aziz Rezapour - College Station Medical Center
Abanoub Riad - Masaryk University
Reza Rikhtegar - Essen Univ Hosp, Inst Diagnost & Intervent Radiol & Neuroradiol, Essen, Germany
Maria Rios-Blancas - Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Ctr Hlth Syst Res, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
Thomas J. Roberts - Dana
Peter Rohloff - Harvard University
Esperanza Romero-Rodriguez - Biomed Research Institute
Gholamreza Roshandel - Golestan University
Godfrey M. Rwegerera - University of Botswana
S. Manjula - JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research
Maha Mohamed Saber-Ayad - Univ Sharjah, Dept Clin Sci, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates
Bahar Saberzadeh-Ardestani - University of Tehran
Siamak Sabour - Shahid Beheshti University
Basema Saddik - Univ Sharjah, Sharjah Inst Med Res, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates
Erfan Sadeghi - Biostat
Mohammad Reza Saeb
Umar Saeed - Islamabad Diagnost Ctr Pakistan, Res & Dev, Islamabad, Pakistan
Mohsen Safaei - College Station Medical Center
Azam Safary - Connect
Maryam Sahebazzamani - College Station Medical Center
Amirhossein Sahebkar - College Station Medical Center
Harihar Sahoo - Int Inst Populat Sci, Dept Dev Studies, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Mirza Rizwan Sajid - University of Gujrat
Hedayat Salari - Persian Gulf University
Sana Salehi - Univ Southern Calif, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informat Inst, Los Angeles, CA USA
Marwa Rashad Salem - Cairo University
Hamideh Salimzadeh - University of Tehran
Yoseph Leonardo Samodra - Supreme Council Of Health
Abdallah M. Samy - Ain Shams University
Juan Sanabria - Marshall University
Senthilkumar Sankararaman - Case Western Reserve University
Francesco Sanmarchi - University of Bologna
Milena M. Santric-Milicevic - University of Belgrade
Muhammad Arif Nadeem Saqib - Supreme Council Of Health
Arash Sarveazad - College Station Medical Center
Fatemeh Sarvi - College Station Medical Center
Brijesh Sathian - College Station Medical Center
Maheswar Satpathy - Utkal University
Nicolas Sayegh - University of Utah
Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider - Federal Reserve
Michael Schwarzinger - Univ Hosp Bordeaux, Dept Methodol & Innovat Prevent, Bordeaux, France
Mario Sekerija - University of Zagreb
Subramanian Senthilkumaran - College Station Medical Center
Sadaf G. Sepanlou - Shiraz University
Allen Seylani - NHLBI, NIH, Rockville, MD USA
Kenbon Seyoum - Madda Walabu Univ, Dept Midwifery, Robe, Ethiopia
Feng Sha - Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol, Ctr Biomed Informat Technol, Shenzhen, Peoples R China
Omid Shafaat - College Station Medical Center
Pritik A. Shah - Rajiv Gandhi University
Saeed Shahabi - Shiraz University
Izza Shahid - Ziauddin University
Mohammad Amin Shahrbaf - Shahid Beheshti University
Hamid R. Shahsavari - Inst Adv Studies Basic Sci, Dept Chem, Zanjan, Iran
Masood Ali Shaikh
Mohammed Feyisso Shaka - Dilla University
Elaheh Shaker - University of Tehran
Mohammed Shannawaz - College Station Medical Center
Mequannent Melaku Sharew Sharew - University of Gondar
Azam Sharifi - Supreme Council Of Health
Javad Sharifi-Rad - University of Azuay
Purva Sharma - College Station Medical Center
Bereket Beyene Shashamo - Arba Minch University
Aziz Sheikh - Harvard University
Mahdi Sheikh - University of Tehran
Sara Sheikhbahaei - Johns Hopkins University
Rahim Ali Sheikhi - College Station Medical Center
Ali Sheikhy - Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr NCDRC, Res Dept, Tehran, Iran
Peter Robin Shepherd - University of Auckland
Adithi Shetty - Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Mangalore, India
Jeevan K. Shetty - University of Bahrain
Ranjitha S. Shetty - College Station Medical Center
Kenji Shibuya - Tokyo Fdn Policy Res, Tokyo, Japan
Reza Shirkoohi - University of Tehran
Hesamaddin Shirzad-Aski - Golestan University
K. M. Shivakumar - College Station Medical Center
Siddharudha Shivalli - Supreme Council Of Health
Velizar Shivarov - College Station Medical Center
Parnian Shobeiri - University of Tehran
Zahra Shokri Varniab
Seyed Afshin Shorofi - Flinders University
Sunil Shrestha - Monash University
Migbar Mekonnen Sibhat - Dilla University
SudeepK Siddappa Malleshappa - College Station Medical Center
Negussie Boti Sidemo - Arba Minch University
Diego Augusto Santos Silva - Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Phys Educ, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
Luas Manuel Lopes Rodrigues Silva - Polytech Guarda, Dept Hlth Sci, Guarda, Portugal
Guilherme Silva Julian - IQVIA, Real World Insights, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Nicola Silvestris - College Station Medical Center
Wudneh Simegn - University of Gondar
Achintya Dinesh Singh - College Station Medical Center
Ambrish Singh
Garima Singh - College Station Medical Center
Harpreet Singh - College Station Medical Center
Jasvinder A. Singh - University of Alabama
Jitendra Kumar Singh - Tribhuvan University
Paramdeep Singh - College Station Medical Center
Surjit Singh - College Station Medical Center
Dhirendra Narain Sinha - Supreme Council Of Health
Abiy H. Sinke - Pathfinder Int, Program Serv Unit, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Md Shahjahan Siraj - Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Maternal & Child Hlth Div, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Freddy Sitas - UNSW Sydney
Samarjeet Singh Siwal - Maharishi Markandeshwar Deemed Univ, Dept Chem, Mullana Ambala, Mullana, India
Valentin Yurievich Skryabin - Moscow Res & Pract Ctr Addict, Dept 16, Moscow, Russia
Anna Aleksandrovna Skryabina - College Station Medical Center
Bogdan Socea - College Station Medical Center
Matthew J. Soeberg - Asbestos Dis Res Inst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Ahmad Sofi-Mahmudi - Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr NCDRC, Dept Oral Hlth, Tehran, Iran
Yonatan Solomon - Dire Dawa University
Mohammad Sadegh Soltani-Zangbar - College Station Medical Center
Suhang Song - Univ Syst Georgia, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Athens, GA USA
Yimeng Song - Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Land Surveying & Geoinformat, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
Reed J. D. Sorensen - University of Washington
Sergey Soshnikov - MED Institute
Houman Sotoudeh - University of Alabama
Alieu Sowe - Minist Hlth, Expanded Program Immunizat, Kotu, Gambia
Muawiyyah Babale Sufiyan - Ahmadu Bello University
Ryan Suk - Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Dept Management Policy & Community Hlth, Houston, TX 77030 USA
Muhammad Suleman - University of Swat
Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader - College Station Medical Center
Saima Sultana - Projahnmo Res Fdn, Dept Maternal & Child Hlth, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Daniel Sur - College Station Medical Center
Miklas Szacska - Semmelweis University
Seidamir Pasha Tabaeian - College Station Medical Center
Rafael Tabares-Seisdedos - Universitat de València
Seyyed Mohammad Tabatabaei - College Station Medical Center
Takahiro Tabuchi - Osaka Int Canc Inst, Canc Control Ctr, Osaka, Japan
Hooman Tadbiri - Johns Hopkins University
Ensiyeh Taheri - College Station Medical Center
Majid Taheri - Shahid Beheshti University
Moslem Taheri Soodejani - Biostat
Ken Takahashi - University of Western Australia
Iman M. Talaat - Univ Sharjah, Clin Sci Dept, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates
Mircea Tampa - College Station Medical Center
Ker-Kan Tan - Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Surg, Singapore, Singapore
Nathan Y. Tat - Rice University
Vivian Y. Tat - Univ Texas Galveston, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX USA
Arash Tavakoli - College Station Medical Center
Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi - College Station Medical Center
Yohannes Tekalegn - Madda Walabu Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Bale Robe, Ethiopia
Fisaha Haile Tesfay - Flinders University
Rekha Thapar - College Station Medical Center
Aravind Thavamani - Case Western Reserve University
Viveksandeep Thoguluva Chandrasekar - Mayo Clin, Dept Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Scottsdale, AZ USA
Nihal Thomas - College Station Medical Center
Nikhil Kenny Thomas - College Station Medical Center
Jansje Henny Vera Ticoalu - Univ Sam Ratulangi, Fac Publ Hlth, Manado, Indonesia
Amir Tiyuri - Biostat
Daniel Nigusse Tollosa - College Station Medical Center
Roman Topor-Madry - Jagiellonian University
Mathilde Touvier - Inserm
Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone - University of Sao Paulo
Eugenio Traini - Univ Utrecht, Inst Risk Assessment Sci, Utrecht, Netherlands
Mai Thi Ngoc Tran - College Station Medical Center
Jaya Prasad Tripathy - College Station Medical Center
Gebresilasea Gendisha Ukke - Arba Minch University
Irfan Ullah - Univ Management & Technol, Dept Life Sci, Lahore, Pakistan
Sana Ullah - Univ Agr Faisalabad, Inst Soil & Environm Sci, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan - College Station Medical Center
Marco Vacante - University of Catania
Maryam Vaezi - College Station Medical Center
Sahel Valadan Tahbaz - Milad Gen Hosp, Clin Canc Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
Pascual R. Valdez - College Station Medical Center
Constantine Vardavas - University of Crete
Shoban Babu Varthya - College Station Medical Center
Siavash Vaziri - College Station Medical Center
Diana Zuleika Velazquez - Autonomous University of Sinaloa
Massimiliano Veroux - University of Catania
Paul J. Villeneuve - Carleton University
Francesco S. Violante - University of Bologna
Sergey Konstantinovitch Vladimirov - College Station Medical Center
Vasily Vlassov - Supreme Council Of Health
Bay Vo - HUTECH Univ, Fac Informat Technol, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Linh Gia Vu - Duy Tan University
Abdul Wadood Wadood - Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan
Yasir Waheed - College Station Medical Center
Mandaras Tariku Walde - Haramaya University
Richard G. Wamai - Northeastern Univ, Dept Cultures Soc & Global Studies, Boston, MA 02115 USA
Cong Wang - Vanderbilt University
Fang Wang - Supreme Council Of Health
Ning Wang - Queensland University of Technology
Yu Wang - Peking University
Paul Ward - Torrens University Australia
Abdul Waris - City University of Hong Kong
Ronny Westerman - Cohort
Nuwan Darshana Wickramasinghe - Rajarata University of Sri Lanka
Melat Woldemariam - Arba Minch University
Berhanu Woldu - University of Gondar
Hong Xiao - Zhejiang University
Suowen Xu - Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Endocrinol, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China
Xiaoyue Xu - UNSW Sydney
Lalit Yadav - University of Adelaide
Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari - Milad Gen Hosp, Clin Canc Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
Lin Yang - Alberta Hlth Serv, Canc Epidemiol & Prevent Res, Calgary, BC, Canada
Fereshteh Yazdanpanah - University of Tehran
Yigizie Yeshaw - University of Gondar
Yazachew Yismaw - Bahir Dar University
Naohiro Yonemoto - Natl Ctr Neurol & Psychiat, Dept Neuropsychopharmacol, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
Mustafa Z. Younis - Jackson State University
Zabihollah Yousefi - College Station Medical Center
Fatemeh Yousefian - University of Tehran
Chuanhua Yu - Wuhan University
Yong Yu - Hubei University
Ismaeel Yunusa - University of South Carolina
Mazyar Zahir - University of Tehran
Nazar Zaki - United Arab Emirates University
Burhan Abdullah Zaman - University of Duhok
Moein Zangiabadian - Shahid Beheshti University
Fariba Zare - College Station Medical Center
Iman Zare - BioChem Technology
Zahra Zareshahrabadi - Shiraz University
Armin Zarrintan - College Station Medical Center
Mikhail Sergeevich Zastrozhin - Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Bioengn & Therapeut Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
Mohammad A. Zeineddine - College Station Medical Center
Dongyu Zhang - Georgetown University
Jianrong Zhang - University of Melbourne
Yunquan Zhang - Wuhan University
Zhi-Jiang Zhang - Wuhan University
Linghui Zhou - Zhejiang University
Sanjay Zodpey - Publ Hlth Fdn India, Indian Inst Publ Hlth, Gurugram, India
Mohammad Zoladl - College Station Medical Center
Theo Vos - University of Washington
Simon Hay - University of Washington
Lisa M. Force - University of Washington
Christopher J. L. Murray - University of Washington
GBD 2019 Cancer Risk Factors Collaborators
Publication Details: The Lancet (British edition), Vol.400(10352), pp.563-591
Publisher: Elsevier
Number of pages: 29
Date published: 20/08/2022
Identifiers: 99777916902346
Academic Unit: School of Sustainability, Civil and Environmental Engineering
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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