Abstract
There is a growing body of scholarship on how students see themselves, and also on how they are conceptualised by other social actors. However, what has been less
explored is how students believe they are seen by others, and how this impacts them. Drawing on focus groups with students across Europe—and particularly plasticine
models students made to depict how they felt they were seen by relevant others—this paper will illustrate how the four most common ways in which students felt they were constructed were as hedonistic and lazy; useless and a burden; clever, hardworking, and successful; and a resource to be exploited. It will argue that such stereotypes had significant material impact on students’ lives and how they experienced being a student. Finally, it will analyse how specific national contexts accounted for a range of variations in how students articulated these constructions.