Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. IX. Velocity-Delay Maps for Broad Emission Lines in NGC 5548

Keith Horne; G. De Rosa; B. M. Peterson; A. J. Barth; J. Ely; M. M. Fausnaugh; G. A. Kriss; L. Pei; M. C. Bentz; E. M. Cackett; R. Edelson; M. Eracleous; M. R. Goad; C. J. Grier; J. Kaastra; C. S. Kochanek; Y. Krongold; S. Mathur; H. Netzer; D. Proga; N. Tejos; M. Vestergaard; C. Villforth; S. M. Adams; M. D. Anderson; P. Arevalo; T. G. Beatty; V. N. Bennert; A. Bigley; S. Bisogni; G. A. Borman; T. A. Boroson; M. C. Bottorff; W. N. Brandt; A. A. Breeveld; M. Brotherton; J. E. Brown; J. S. Brown; G. Canalizo; M. T. Carini; K. I. Clubb; J. M. Comerford; E. M. Corsini; D. M. Crenshaw; S. Croft; K. V. Croxall; E. Dalla Bonta; A. J. Deason; M. Dehghanian; A. De Lorenzo-Caceres; K. D. Denney; M. Dietrich; C. Done; N. V. Efimova; P. A. Evans; G. J. Ferland; A. V. Filippenko; K. Flatland; O. D. Fox; E. Gardner; E. L. Gates; N. Gehrels; S. Geier; J. M. Gelbord; L. Gonzalez; V. Gorjian; J. E. Greene; D. Grupe; A. Gupta; P. B. Hall; C. B. Henderson; S. Hicks; E. Holmbeck; T. W. -S. Holoien; T. Hutchison; M. Im; J. J. Jensen; C. A. Johnson; M. D. Joner; J. Jones; S. Kaspi; P. L. Kelly; J. A. Kennea; M. Kim; S. Kim; S. C. Kim; A. King; S. A. Klimanov; K. T. Korista; M. W. Lau; J. C. Lee; D. C. Leonard; Miao Li; P. Lira; C. Lochhaas; Zhiyuan Ma; F. MacInnis; M. A. Malkan; E. R. Manne-Nicholas; J. C. Mauerhan; R. McGurk; I. M. McHardy; C. Montuori; L. Morelli; A. Mosquera; D. Mudd; F. Muller-Sanchez; S. V. Nazarov; R. P. Norris; J. A. Nousek; M. L. Nguyen; P. Ochner; D. N. Okhmat; A. Pancoast; I. Papadakis; J. R. Parks; M. T. Penny; A. Pizzella; R. W. Pogge; R. Poleski; J. -U. Pott; S. E. Rafter; H. -W. Rix; J. Runnoe; D. A. Saylor; J. S. Schimoia; K. Schnuelle; B. Scott; S. G. Sergeev; B. J. Shappee; I. Shivvers; M. Siegel; G. V. Simonian; A. Siviero; A. Skielboe; G. Somers; M. Spencer; D. Starkey; D. J. Stevens; H. -I. Sung; J. Tayar; T. Treu; C. S. Turner; P. Uttley; J. Van Saders; L. Vican; S. Villanueva; Y. Weiss; J. -H. Woo; H. Yan; S. Young; H. Yuk; W. Zheng; W. Zhu; Y. Zu

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abce60

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Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. IX. Velocity-Delay Maps for Broad Emission Lines in NGC 5548

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Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. IX. Velocity-Delay Maps for Broad Emission Lines in NGC 5548

Keith Horne, G. De Rosa, B. M. Peterson, A. J. Barth, J. Ely, M. M. Fausnaugh, G. A. Kriss, L. Pei, M. C. Bentz, E. M. Cackett, …

The Astrophysical journal, Vol.907(2), p.76

01/02/2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/abce60

Abstract

Astronomy & Astrophysics

Physical Sciences

Science & Technology

In this contribution, we achieve the primary goal of the active galactic nucleus (AGN) STORM campaign by recovering velocity-delay maps for the prominent broad emission lines (Ly alpha, C IV, He II, and H beta) in the spectrum of NGC 5548. These are the most detailed velocity-delay maps ever obtained for an AGN, providing unprecedented information on the geometry, ionization structure, and kinematics of the broad-line region. Virial envelopes enclosing the emission-line responses show that the reverberating gas is bound to the black hole. A stratified ionization structure is evident. The He ii response inside 5-10 lt-day has a broad single-peaked velocity profile. The Ly alpha, C IV, and H beta responses extend from inside 2 to outside 20 lt-day, with double peaks at 2500 km s(-1) in the 10-20 lt-day delay range. An incomplete ellipse in the velocity-delay plane is evident in H beta. We interpret the maps in terms of a Keplerian disk with a well-defined outer rim at R = 20 lt-day. The far-side response is weaker than that from the near side. The line-center delay tau = (R/c)(1 - sin i) approximate to 5 days gives the inclination i approximate to 45 degrees. The inferred black hole mass is (BH) 7 x 10(7) M-circle dot. In addition to reverberations, the fit residuals confirm that emission-line fluxes are depressed during the "BLR Holiday" identified in previous work. Moreover, a helical "Barber-Pole" pattern, with stripes moving from red to blue across the C IV and Ly alpha line profiles, suggests azimuthal structure rotating with a 2 yr period that may represent precession or orbital motion of inner-disk structures casting shadows on the emission-line region farther out.

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Title: Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. IX. Velocity-Delay Maps for Broad Emission Lines in NGC 5548
Creators: Keith Horne - University of St Andrews
G. De Rosa - Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
B. M. Peterson - Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
A. J. Barth - Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
J. Ely - Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
M. M. Fausnaugh - The Ohio State University
G. A. Kriss - Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
L. Pei - Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
M. C. Bentz - Georgia State University
E. M. Cackett - Wayne State University
R. Edelson - Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
M. Eracleous - Pennsylvania State University
M. R. Goad - University of Leicester
C. J. Grier - The Ohio State University
J. Kaastra - SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Sorbonnelaan 2, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands
C. S. Kochanek - The Ohio State University
Y. Krongold - Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
S. Mathur - The Ohio State University
H. Netzer - Tel Aviv University
D. Proga - University of Nevada Reno
N. Tejos - Pontificia Univ Catolica Valparaiso, Inst Fis, Casilla 4059, Valparaiso, Chile
M. Vestergaard - University of Arizona
C. Villforth - University of Bath
S. M. Adams - The Ohio State University
M. D. Anderson - Georgia State University
P. Arevalo - University of Valparaíso
T. G. Beatty - The Ohio State University
V. N. Bennert - Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA
A. Bigley - Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
S. Bisogni - The Ohio State University
G. A. Borman - Crimean Astrophys Observ, UA-298409 P O Nauchny, Crimea, Ukraine
T. A. Boroson - Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, 6740 Cortona Dr,Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117 USA
M. C. Bottorff - Southwestern Univ, Fountainwood Observ, Dept Phys, FJS 149,1011 E Univ Ave, Georgetown, TX 78626 USA
W. N. Brandt - Pennsylvania State University
A. A. Breeveld - Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England
M. Brotherton - University of Wyoming
J. E. Brown - University of Missouri
J. S. Brown - The Ohio State University
G. Canalizo - Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92521 USA
M. T. Carini - Western Kentucky University
K. I. Clubb - Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
J. M. Comerford - Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
E. M. Corsini - Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padua, Italy
D. M. Crenshaw - Georgia State University
S. Croft - Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
K. V. Croxall - The Ohio State University
E. Dalla Bonta - Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padua, Italy
A. J. Deason - Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA
M. Dehghanian - University of Kentucky
A. De Lorenzo-Caceres - University of St Andrews
K. D. Denney - The Ohio State University
M. Dietrich - Worcester State University
C. Done - Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Ctr Extragalact Astron, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England
N. V. Efimova - Pulkovo Observ, St Petersburg 196140, Russia
P. A. Evans - University of Leicester
G. J. Ferland - University of Kentucky
A. V. Filippenko - Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
K. Flatland - San Diego State University
O. D. Fox - Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
E. Gardner - Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Ctr Extragalact Astron, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England
E. L. Gates - Lick Observ, POB 85, Mt Hamilton, CA 95140 USA
N. Gehrels - NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Mail Code 661, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
S. Geier - Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 Tenerife, Spain
J. M. Gelbord - Spectral Sci Inc, 4 Fourth Ave, Burlington, MA 01803 USA
L. Gonzalez - San Diego State University
V. Gorjian - California Institute of Technology
J. E. Greene - Princeton University
D. Grupe - Morehead State University
A. Gupta - The Ohio State University
P. B. Hall - York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
C. B. Henderson - The Ohio State University
S. Hicks - Western Kentucky University
E. Holmbeck - Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
T. W. -S. Holoien - The Ohio State University
T. Hutchison - Southwestern Univ, Fountainwood Observ, Dept Phys, FJS 149,1011 E Univ Ave, Georgetown, TX 78626 USA
M. Im - Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Astron Program, Seoul, South Korea
J. J. Jensen - University of Copenhagen
C. A. Johnson - Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA
M. D. Joner - Brigham Young University
J. Jones - Georgia State University
S. Kaspi - Tel Aviv University
P. L. Kelly - Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
J. A. Kennea - Pennsylvania State University
M. Kim - Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Daejeon, South Korea
S. Kim - The Ohio State University
S. C. Kim - Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Daejeon, South Korea
A. King - University of Melbourne
S. A. Klimanov - Pulkovo Observ, St Petersburg 196140, Russia
K. T. Korista - Western Michigan University
M. W. Lau - Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92521 USA
J. C. Lee - Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Daejeon, South Korea
D. C. Leonard - San Diego State University
Miao Li - Columbia University
P. Lira - University of Chile
C. Lochhaas - Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
Zhiyuan Ma - Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
F. MacInnis - Southwestern Univ, Fountainwood Observ, Dept Phys, FJS 149,1011 E Univ Ave, Georgetown, TX 78626 USA
M. A. Malkan - Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
E. R. Manne-Nicholas - Georgia State University
J. C. Mauerhan - Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
R. McGurk - Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA
I. M. McHardy - University of Southampton
C. Montuori - University of Insubria
L. Morelli - Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padua, Italy
A. Mosquera - The Ohio State University
D. Mudd - The Ohio State University
F. Muller-Sanchez - Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
S. V. Nazarov - Crimean Astrophys Observ, UA-298409 P O Nauchny, Crimea, Ukraine
R. P. Norris - Georgia State University
J. A. Nousek - Pennsylvania State University
M. L. Nguyen - University of Wyoming
P. Ochner - Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padua, Italy
D. N. Okhmat - Crimean Astrophys Observ, UA-298409 P O Nauchny, Crimea, Ukraine
A. Pancoast - Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
I. Papadakis - University of Crete
J. R. Parks - Georgia State University
M. T. Penny - The Ohio State University
A. Pizzella - Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padua, Italy
R. W. Pogge - The Ohio State University
R. Poleski - The Ohio State University
J. -U. Pott - Heidelberg
S. E. Rafter - Technion, Phys Dept, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel
H. -W. Rix - Heidelberg
J. Runnoe - Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 1085 S Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
D. A. Saylor - Georgia State University
J. S. Schimoia - The Ohio State University
K. Schnuelle - Heidelberg
B. Scott - Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92521 USA
S. G. Sergeev - Crimean Astrophys Observ, UA-298409 P O Nauchny, Crimea, Ukraine
B. J. Shappee - The Ohio State University
I. Shivvers - Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
M. Siegel - Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, 6740 Cortona Dr,Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117 USA
G. V. Simonian - The Ohio State University
A. Siviero - Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padua, Italy
A. Skielboe - University of Copenhagen
G. Somers - The Ohio State University
M. Spencer - Brigham Young University
D. Starkey - University of St Andrews
D. J. Stevens - The Ohio State University
H. -I. Sung - Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Daejeon, South Korea
J. Tayar - The Ohio State University
T. Treu - Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
C. S. Turner - Georgia State University
P. Uttley - University of Amsterdam
J. Van Saders - The Ohio State University
L. Vican - Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
S. Villanueva - The Ohio State University
Y. Weiss - Technion, Phys Dept, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel
J. -H. Woo - Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Astron Program, Seoul, South Korea
H. Yan - University of Missouri
S. Young - Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
H. Yuk - Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
W. Zheng - Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
W. Zhu - The Ohio State University
Y. Zu - The Ohio State University
Publication Details: The Astrophysical journal, Vol.907(2), p.76
Publisher: Iop Publishing Ltd
Number of pages: 19
Date published: 01/02/2021
Grant note: ATP 17-0141 / STScI; Space Telescope Science Institute AR7-18013X; NAS8-03060; HST-AR-13240.009 / HHMI; Howard Hughes Medical Institute Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science AST-1302093 / NSF Fellowship; National Science Foundation (NSF) AST-1412693; AST-1907290 / NSF CAREER grant; National Science Foundation (NSF); NSF - Office of the Director (OD) AST-1009571; AST-1210311 / Fondecyt; Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT); CONICYT FONDECYT NASA under ADAP TABASGO Foundation 80NSSC17K0126 / UKSA DFF 4002-00275; 8021-00130 / Independent Research Fund Denmark; Det Frie Forskningsrad (DFF) STFC; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC) 2017R1C1B2002879 / NWO, the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research; Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) 2020R1A2C3011091 / National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant; National Research Foundation of Korea AST-1909297 / NASA through Chandra award NAS8-03060; PF5-160141 / CNPq; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPQ) NNX15AH49G; 80NSSC17K0126 / NASA; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) DOR1699945/16; DOR1715817/17; DOR1885254/18; BIRD164402/16 / Padua University AST-0618209 / National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government (MSIT); National Research Foundation of Korea; Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning, Republic of Korea; Ministry of Science & ICT (MSIT), Republic of Korea Space Telescope Science Institute 1120328 / NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korean government; National Research Foundation of Korea American Academy in Rome AST-1253702 / National Science Foundation (NSF) Research at Undergraduate Institutions (RUI); National Science Foundation (NSF) National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Brazil); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPQ) NSERC; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Packard Foundation in the form of a Packard Research Fellowship Christopher R. Redlich Fund ST/S000216/1 / STFC; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC) 798817; NNX15AH49G / NASA; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) AST-1412315 / NSF; National Science Foundation (NSF) HST-AR-13914; HST-AR-15018 / Huffaker Scholarship 2010-0027910 / National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) ST/R000824/1 / National Science Foundation (NSF)
Identifiers: 99822518002346
Academic Unit: School of Maths and Physics
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. IX. Velocity-Delay Maps for Broad Emission Lines in NGC 5548

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