Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)1

Daniel J Klionsky; Amal Kamal Abdel-Aziz; Sara Abdelfatah; Mahmoud Abdellatif; Asghar Abdoli; Steffen Abel; Hagai Abeliovich; Marie H Abildgaard; Yakubu Princely Abudu; Abraham Acevedo-Arozena; Iannis E Adamopoulos; Khosrow Adeli; Timon E Adolph; Annagrazia Adornetto; Elma Aflaki; Galila Agam; Anupam Agarwal; Bharat B Aggarwal; Maria Agnello; Patrizia Agostinis; Javed N Agrewala; Alexander Agrotis; Patricia V Aguilar; S Tariq Ahmad; Zubair M Ahmed; Ulises Ahumada-Castro; Sonja Aits; Shu Aizawa; Yunus Akkoc; Tonia Akoumianaki; Hafize Aysin Akpinar; Ahmed M Al-Abd; Lina Al-Akra; Abeer Al-Gharaibeh; Moulay A Alaoui-Jamali; Simon Alberti; Elísabet Alcocer-Gómez; Cristiano Alessandri; Muhammad Ali; M Abdul Alim Al-Bari; Saeb Aliwaini; Javad Alizadeh; Eugènia Almacellas; Alexandru Almasan; Alicia Alonso; Guillermo D Alonso; Nihal Altan-Bonnet; Dario C Altieri; Élida MC Álvarez; Sara Alves; Cristine Alves Da Costa; Mazen M Alzaharna; Marialaura Amadio; Consuelo Amantini; Cristina Amaral; Susanna Ambrosio; Amal O Amer; Veena Ammanathan; Zhenyi An; Stig U Andersen; Shaida A Andrabi; Magaiver Andrade-Silva; Allen M Andres; Sabrina Angelini; David Ann; Uche C Anozie; Mohammad Y Ansari; Pedro Antas; Adam Antebi; Zuriñe Antón; Tahira Anwar; Lionel Apetoh; Nadezda Apostolova; Toshiyuki Araki; Yasuhiro Araki; Kohei Arasaki; Wagner L Araújo; Jun Araya; Catherine Arden; Maria-Angeles Arévalo; Sandro Arguelles; Esperanza Arias; Jyothi Arikkath; Hirokazu Arimoto; Aileen R Ariosa; Darius Armstrong-James; Laetitia Arnauné-Pelloquin; Angeles Aroca; Daniela S Arroyo; Ivica Arsov; Rubén Artero; Dalia Maria Lucia Asaro; Michael Aschner; Milad Ashrafizadeh; Osnat Ashur-Fabian; Atanas G Atanasov; Alicia K Au; Patrick Auberger; Holger W Auner; Laure Aurelian; Riccardo Autelli; Laura Avagliano; Yenniffer Ávalos; Sanja Aveic; Célia Alexandra Aveleira; Tamar Avin-Wittenberg; Yucel Aydin; Scott Ayton; Srinivas Ayyadevara; Maria Azzopardi; Misuzu Baba; Jonathan M Backer; Steven K Backues; Dong-Hun Bae; Ok-Nam Bae; Soo Han Bae; Eric H Baehrecke; Ahruem Baek; Seung-Hoon Baek; Sung Hee Baek; Giacinto Bagetta; Agnieszka Bagniewska-Zadworna; Hua Bai; Jie Bai; Xiyuan Bai; Yidong Bai; Nandadulal Bairagi; Shounak Baksi; Teresa Balbi; Cosima T Baldari; Walter Balduini; Andrea Ballabio; Maria Ballester; Salma Balazadeh; Rena Balzan; Rina Bandopadhyay; Sreeparna Banerjee; Sulagna Banerjee; Ágnes Bánréti; Yan Bao; Mauricio S Baptista; Alessandra Baracca; Cristiana Barbati; Ariadna Bargiela; Daniela Barilà; Peter G Barlow; Sami J Barmada; Esther Barreiro; George E Barreto; Jiri Bartek; Bonnie Bartel; Alberto Bartolome; Gaurav R Barve; Suresh H Basagoudanavar; Diane C Bassham; Robert C Bast; Alakananda Basu; Henri Batoko; Isabella Batten; Etienne E Baulieu; Bradley L Baumgarner; Jagadeesh Bayry; Rupert Beale; Isabelle Beau; Florian Beaumatin; Luiz RG Bechara; George R Beck; Michael F Beers; Jakob Begun; Christian Behrends; Georg MN Behrens; Roberto Bei; Eloy Bejarano; Shai Bel; Christian Behl; Amine Belaid; Naïma Belgareh-Touzé; Cristina Bellarosa; Francesca Belleudi; Melissa Belló Pérez; Raquel Bello-Morales; Jackeline Soares De Oliveira Beltran; Sebastián Beltran; Doris Mangiaracina Benbrook; Mykolas Bendorius; Bruno A Benitez; Irene Benito-Cuesta; Julien Bensalem; Martin W Berchtold; Sabina Berezowska; Daniele Bergamaschi; Matteo Bergami; Andreas Bergmann; Laura Berliocchi; Clarisse Berlioz-Torrent; Amélie Bernard; Lionel Berthoux; Cagri G Besirli; Sebastien Besteiro; Virginie M Betin; Rudi Beyaert; Jelena S Bezbradica; Kiran Bhaskar; Ingrid Bhatia-Kissova; Resham Bhattacharya; Sujoy Bhattacharya; Shalmoli Bhattacharyya; Md Shenuarin Bhuiyan; Sujit Kumar Bhutia; Lanrong Bi; Xiaolin Bi; Trevor J Biden; Krikor Bijian; Viktor A Billes; Nadine Binart; Claudia Bincoletto; Asa B Birgisdottir; Geir Bjorkoy; Gonzalo Blanco; Ana Blas-Garcia; Janusz Blasiak; Robert Blomgran; Klas Blomgren; Janice S Blum; Emilio Boada-Romero; Mirta Boban; Kathleen Boesze-Battaglia; Philippe Boeuf; Barry Boland; Pascale Bomont; Paolo Bonaldo; Srinivasa Reddy Bonam; Laura Bonfili; Juan S Bonifacino; Brian A Boone; Martin D Bootman; Matteo Bordi; Christoph Borner; Beat C Bornhauser; Gautam Borthakur; Jürgen Bosch; Santanu Bose; Luis M Botana; Juan Botas; Chantal M Boulanger; Michael E Boulton; Mathieu Bourdenx; Benjamin Bourgeois; Nollaig M Bourke; Guilhem Bousquet; Patricia Boya; Peter V Bozhkov; Luiz HM Bozi; Tolga O Bozkurt; Doug E Brackney; Christian H Brandts; Ralf J Braun; Gerhard H Braus; Roberto Bravo-Sagua; José M Bravo-San Pedro; Patrick Brest; Marie-Agnès Bringer; Alfredo Briones-Herrera; V Courtney Broaddus; Peter Brodersen; Jeffrey L Brodsky; Steven L Brody; Paola G Bronson; Jeff M Bronstein; Carolyn N Brown; Rhoderick E Brown; Patricia C Brum; John H Brumell; Nicola Brunetti-Pierri; Daniele Bruno; Robert J Bryson-Richardson; Cecilia Bucci; Carmen Buchrieser; Marta Bueno; Laura Elisa Buitrago-Molina; Simone Buraschi; Shilpa Buch; J Ross Buchan; Erin M Buckingham; Hikmet Budak; Mauricio Budini; Geert Bultynck; Florin Burada; Joseph R Burgoyne; M Isabel Burón; Victor Bustos; Sabrina Büttner; Elena Butturini; Aaron Byrd; Isabel Cabas; Sandra Cabrera-Benitez; Ken Cadwell; Jingjing Cai; Lu Cai; Qian Cai; Montserrat Cairó; Jose A Calbet; Guy A Caldwell; Kim A Caldwell; Jarrod A Call; Riccardo Calvani; Ana C Calvo; Miguel Calvo-Rubio Barrera; Niels Os Camara; Jacques H Camonis; Nadine Camougrand; Michelangelo Campanella; Edward M Campbell; François-Xavier Campbell-Valois; Silvia Campello; Ilaria Campesi; Juliane C Campos; Olivier Camuzard; Jorge Cancino; Danilo Candido De Almeida; Laura Canesi; Isabella Caniggia; Barbara Canonico; Carles Cantí; Bin Cao; Michele Caraglia; Beatriz Caramés; Evie H Carchman; Elena Cardenal-Muñoz; Cesar Cardenas; Luis Cardenas; Sandra M Cardoso; Jennifer S Carew; Georges F Carle; Gillian Carleton; Silvia Carloni; Didac Carmona-Gutierrez; Leticia A Carneiro; Oliana Carnevali; Julian M Carosi; Serena Carra; Alice Carrier; Lucie Carrier; Bernadette Carroll; A Brent Carter; Andreia Neves Carvalho; Magali Casanova; Caty Casas; Josefina Casas; Chiara Cassioli; Eliseo F Castillo; Karen Castillo; Sonia Castillo-Lluva; Francesca Castoldi; Marco Castori; Ariel F Castro; Margarida Castro-Caldas; Javier Castro-Hernandez; Susana Castro-Obregon; Sergio D Catz; Claudia Cavadas; Federica Cavaliere; Gabriella Cavallini; Maria Cavinato; Maria L Cayuela; Paula Cebollada Rica; Valentina Cecarini; Francesco Cecconi; Marzanna Cechowska-Pasko; Simone Cenci; Victòria Ceperuelo-Mallafré; João J Cerqueira; Janete M Cerutti; Davide Cervia; Vildan Bozok Cetintas; Silvia Cetrullo; Han-Jung Chae; Andrei S Chagin; Chee-Yin Chai; Gopal Chakrabarti; Oishee Chakrabarti; Tapas Chakraborty; Trinad Chakraborty; Mounia Chami; Georgios Chamilos; David W Chan; Edmond YW Chan; Edward D Chan; HY Edwin Chan; Helen H Chan; Hung Chan; Matthew TV Chan; Yau Sang Chan; Partha K Chandra; Chih-Peng Chang; Chunmei Chang; Hao-Chun Chang; Kai Chang; Jie Chao; Tracey Chapman; Nicolas Charlet-Berguerand; Samrat Chatterjee; Shail K Chaube; Anu Chaudhary; Santosh Chauhan; Edward Chaum; Frédéric Checler; Michael E Cheetham; Chang-Shi Chen; Guang-Chao Chen; Jian-Fu Chen; Liam L Chen; Leilei Chen; Lin Chen; Mingliang Chen; Mu-Kuan Chen; Ning Chen; Quan Chen; Ruey-Hwa Chen; Shi Chen; Wei Chen; Weiqiang Chen; Xin-Ming Chen; Xiong-Wen Chen; Xu Chen; Yan Chen; Ye-Guang Chen; Yingyu Chen; Yongqiang Chen; Yu-Jen Chen; Yue-Qin Chen; Zhefan Stephen Chen; Zhi Chen; Zhi-Hua Chen; Zhijian J Chen; Zhixiang Chen; Hanhua Cheng; Jun Cheng; Shi-Yuan Cheng; Wei Cheng; Xiaodong Cheng; Xiu-Tang Cheng; Yiyun Cheng; Zhiyong Cheng; Zhong Chen; Heesun Cheong; Jit Kong Cheong; Boris V Chernyak; Sara Cherry; Chi Fai Randy Cheung; Chun Hei Antonio Cheung; King-Ho Cheung; Eric Chevet; Richard J Chi; Alan Kwok Shing Chiang; Ferdinando Chiaradonna; Roberto Chiarelli; Mario Chiariello; Nathalia Chica; Susanna Chiocca; Mario Chiong; Shih-Hwa Chiou; Abhilash I Chiramel; Valerio Chiurchiù; Dong-Hyung Cho; Seong-Kyu Choe; Augustine MK Choi; Mary E Choi; Kamalika Roy Choudhury; Norman S Chow; Charleen T Chu; Jason P Chua; John Jia En Chua; Hyewon Chung; Kin Pan Chung; Seockhoon Chung; So-Hyang Chung; Yuen-Li Chung; Valentina Cianfanelli; Iwona A Ciechomska; Mariana Cifuentes; Laura Cinque; Sebahattin Cirak; Mara Cirone; Michael J Clague; Robert Clarke; Emilio Clementi; Eliana M Coccia; Patrice Codogno; Ehud Cohen; Mickael M Cohen; Tania Colasanti; Fiorella Colasuonno; Robert A Colbert; Anna Colell; Miodrag Čolić; Nuria S Coll; Mark O Collins; María I Colombo; Daniel A Colón-Ramos; Lydie Combaret; Sergio Comincini; Márcia R Cominetti; Antonella Consiglio; Andrea Conte; Fabrizio Conti; Viorica Raluca Contu; Mark R Cookson; Kevin M Coombs; Isabelle Coppens; Maria Tiziana Corasaniti; Dale P Corkery; Nils Cordes; Katia Cortese; Maria Do Carmo Costa; Sarah Costantino; Paola Costelli; Ana Coto-Montes; Peter J Crack; Jose L Crespo; Alfredo Criollo; Valeria Crippa; Riccardo Cristofani; Tamas Csizmadia; Antonio Cuadrado; Bing Cui; Jun Cui; Yixian Cui; Yong Cui; Emmanuel Culetto; Andrea C Cumino; Andrey V Cybulsky; Mark J Czaja; Stanislaw J Czuczwar; Stefania D'Adamo; Marcello D'Amelio; Daniela D'Arcangelo; Andrew C D'Lugos; Gabriella D'Orazi; James A Da Silva; Hormos Salimi Dafsari; Ruben K Dagda; Yasin Dagdas; Maria Daglia; Xiaoxia Dai; Yun Dai; Yuyuan Dai; Jessica Dal Col; Paul Dalhaimer; Luisa Dalla Valle; Tobias Dallenga; Guillaume Dalmasso; Markus Damme; Ilaria Dando; Nico P Dantuma; April L Darling; Hiranmoy Das; Srinivasan Dasarathy; Santosh K Dasari; Srikanta Dash; Oliver Daumke; Adrian N Dauphinee; Jeffrey S Davies; Valeria A Dávila; Roger J Davis; Tanja Davis; Sharadha Dayalan Naidu; Francesca De Amicis; Karolien De Bosscher; Francesca De Felice; Lucia De Franceschi; Chiara De Leonibus; Mayara G De Mattos Barbosa; Guido RY De Meyer; Angelo De Milito; Cosimo De Nunzio; Clara De Palma; Mauro De Santi; Claudio De Virgilio; Daniela De Zio; Jayanta Debnath; Brian J DeBosch; Jean-Paul Decuypere; Mark A Deehan; Gianluca Deflorian; James DeGregori; Benjamin Dehay; Gabriel Del Rio; Joe R Delaney; Lea MD Delbridge; Elizabeth Delorme-Axford; M Victoria Delpino; Francesca Demarchi; Vilma Dembitz; Nicholas D Demers; Hongbin Deng; Zhiqiang Deng; Joern Dengjel; Paul Dent; Donna Denton; Melvin L DePamphilis; Channing J Der; Vojo Deretic; Albert Descoteaux; Laura Devis; Sushil Devkota; Olivier Devuyst; Grant Dewson; Mahendiran Dharmasivam; Rohan Dhiman; Diego Di Bernardo; Manlio Di Cristina; Fabio Di Domenico; Pietro Di Fazio; Alessio Di Fonzo; Giovanni Di Guardo; Gianni M Di Guglielmo; Luca Di Leo; Chiara Di Malta; Alessia Di Nardo; Martina Di Rienzo; Federica Di Sano; George Diallinas; Jiajie Diao; Guillermo Diaz-Araya; Inés Díaz-Laviada; Jared M Dickinson; Marc Diederich; Mélanie Dieudé; Ivan Dikic; Shiping Ding; Wen-Xing Ding; Luciana Dini; Jelena Dinić; Miroslav Dinic; Albena T Dinkova-Kostova; Marc S Dionne; Jörg HW Distler; Abhinav Diwan; Ian MC Dixon; Mojgan Djavaheri-Mergny; Ina Dobrinski; Oxana Dobrovinskaya; Radek Dobrowolski; Renwick CJ Dobson; Jelena Đokić; Serap Dokmeci Emre; Massimo Donadelli; Bo Dong; Xiaonan Dong; Zhiwu Dong; Gerald W Dorn Ii; Volker Dotsch; Huan Dou; Juan Dou; Moataz Dowaidar; Sami Dridi; Liat Drucker; Ailian Du; Caigan Du; Guangwei Du; Hai-Ning Du; Li-Lin Du; André Du Toit; Shao-Bin Duan; Xiaoqiong Duan; Sónia P Duarte; Anna Dubrovska; Elaine A Dunlop; Nicolas Dupont; Raúl V Durán; Bilikere S Dwarakanath; Sergey A Dyshlovoy; Darius Ebrahimi-Fakhari; Leopold Eckhart; Charles L Edelstein; Thomas Efferth; Eftekhar Eftekharpour; Ludwig Eichinger; Nabil Eid; Tobias Eisenberg; N Tony Eissa; Sanaa Eissa; Miriam Ejarque; Abdeljabar El Andaloussi; Nazira El-Hage; Shahenda El-Naggar; Anna Maria Eleuteri; Eman S El-Shafey; Mohamed Elgendy; Aristides G Eliopoulos; María M Elizalde; Philip M Elks; Hans-Peter Elsasser; Eslam S Elsherbiny; Brooke M Emerling; NC Tolga Emre; Christina H Eng; Nikolai Engedal; Anna-Mart Engelbrecht; Agnete ST Engelsen; Jorrit M Enserink; Ricardo Escalante; Audrey Esclatine; Mafalda Escobar-Henriques; Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen; Lucile Espert; Makandjou-Ola Eusebio; Gemma Fabrias; Cinzia Fabrizi; Antonio Facchiano; Francesco Facchiano; Bengt Fadeel; Claudio Fader; Alex C Faesen; W Douglas Fairlie; Alberto Falcó; Bjorn H Falkenburger; Daping Fan; Jie Fan; Yanbo Fan; Evandro F Fang; Yanshan Fang; Yognqi Fang; Manolis Fanto; Tamar Farfel-Becker; Mathias Faure; Gholamreza Fazeli; Anthony O Fedele; Arthur M Feldman; Du Feng; Jiachun Feng; Lifeng Feng; Yibin Feng; Yuchen Feng; Wei Feng; Thais Fenz Araujo; Thomas A Ferguson; Álvaro F Fernández; Jose C Fernandez-Checa; Sonia Fernández-Veledo; Alisdair R Fernie; Anthony W Ferrante; Alessandra Ferraresi; Merari F Ferrari; Julio CB Ferreira; Susan Ferro-Novick; Antonio Figueras; Riccardo Filadi; Nicoletta Filigheddu; Eduardo Filippi-Chiela; Giuseppe Filomeni; Gian Maria Fimia; Vittorio Fineschi; Francesca Finetti; Steven Finkbeiner; Edward A Fisher; Paul B Fisher; Flavio Flamigni; Steven J Fliesler; Trude H Flo; Ida Florance; Oliver Florey; Tullio Florio; Erika Fodor; Carlo Follo; Edward A Fon; Antonella Forlino; Francesco Fornai; Paola Fortini; Anna Fracassi; Alessandro Fraldi; Brunella Franco; Rodrigo Franco; Flavia Franconi; Lisa B Frankel; Scott L Friedman; Leopold F Fröhlich; Gema Frühbeck; Jose M Fuentes; Yukio Fujiki; Naonobu Fujita; Yuuki Fujiwara; Mitsunori Fukuda; Simone Fulda; Luc Furic; Norihiko Furuya; Carmela Fusco; Michaela U Gack; Lidia Gaffke; Sehamuddin Galadari; Alessia Galasso; Maria F Galindo; Sachith Gallolu Kankanamalage; Lorenzo Galluzzi; Vincent Galy; Noor Gammoh; Boyi Gan; Ian G Ganley; Feng Gao; Hui Gao; Minghui Gao; Ping Gao; Shou-Jiang Gao; Wentao Gao; Xiaobo Gao; Ana Garcera; Maria Noé Garcia; Verónica E Garcia; Francisco García-Del Portillo; Vega Garcia-Escudero; Aracely Garcia-Garcia; Marina Garcia-Macia; Diana García-Moreno; Carmen Garcia-Ruiz; Patricia García-Sanz; Abhishek D Garg; Ricardo Gargini; Tina Garofalo; Robert F Garry; Nils C Gassen; Damian Gatica; Liang Ge; Wanzhong Ge; Ruth Geiss-Friedlander; Cecilia Gelfi; Pascal Genschik; Ian E Gentle; Valeria Gerbino; Christoph Gerhardt; Kyla Germain; Marc Germain; David A Gewirtz; Elham Ghasemipour Afshar; Saeid Ghavami; Alessandra Ghigo; Manosij Ghosh; Georgios Giamas; Claudia Giampietri; Alexandra Giatromanolaki; Gary E Gibson; Spencer B Gibson; Vanessa Ginet; Edward Giniger; Carlotta Giorgi; Henrique Girao; Stephen E Girardin; Mridhula Giridharan; Sandy Giuliano; Cecilia Giulivi; Sylvie Giuriato; Julien Giustiniani; Alexander Gluschko; Veit Goder; Alexander Goginashvili; Jakub Golab; David C Goldstone; Anna Golebiewska; Luciana R Gomes; Rodrigo Gomez; Rubén Gómez-Sánchez; Maria Catalina Gomez-Puerto; Raquel Gomez-Sintes; Qingqiu Gong; Felix M Goni; Javier González-Gallego; Tomas Gonzalez-Hernandez; Rosa A Gonzalez-Polo; Jose A Gonzalez-Reyes; Patricia González-Rodríguez; Ing Swie Goping; Marina S Gorbatyuk; Nikolai V Gorbunov; Kıvanç Görgülü; Roxana M Gorojod; Sharon M Gorski; Sandro Goruppi; Cecilia Gotor; Roberta A Gottlieb; Illana Gozes; Devrim Gozuacik; Martin Graef; Markus H Gräler; Veronica Granatiero; Daniel Grasso; Joshua P Gray; Douglas R Green; Alexander Greenhough; Stephen L Gregory; Edward F Griffin; Mark W Grinstaff; Frederic Gros; Charles Grose; Angelina S Gross; Florian Gruber; Paolo Grumati; Tilman Grune; Xueyan Gu; Jun-Lin Guan; Carlos M Guardia; Kishore Guda; Flora Guerra; Consuelo Guerri; Prasun Guha; Carlos Guillén; Shashi Gujar; Anna Gukovskaya; Ilya Gukovsky; Jan Gunst; Andreas Günther; Anyonya R Guntur; Chuanyong Guo; Chun Guo; Hongqing Guo; Lian-Wang Guo; Ming Guo; Pawan Gupta; Shashi Kumar Gupta; Swapnil Gupta; Veer Bala Gupta; Vivek Gupta; Asa B Gustafsson; David D Gutterman; Ranjitha H B; Annakaisa Haapasalo; James E Haber; Aleksandra Hać; Shinji Hadano; Anders J Hafrén; Mansour Haidar; Belinda S Hall; Gunnel Halldén; Anne Hamacher-Brady; Andrea Hamann; Maho Hamasaki; Weidong Han; Malene Hansen; Phyllis I Hanson; Zijian Hao; Masaru Harada; Ljubica Harhaji-Trajkovic; Nirmala Hariharan; Nigil Haroon; James Harris; Takafumi Hasegawa; Noor Hasima Nagoor; Jeffrey A Haspel; Volker Haucke; Wayne D Hawkins; Bruce A Hay; Cole M Haynes; Soren B Hayrabedyan; Thomas S Hays; Congcong He; Qin He; Rong-Rong He; You-Wen He; Yu-Ying He; Yasser Heakal; Alexander M Heberle; J Fielding Hejtmancik; Gudmundur Vignir Helgason; Vanessa Henkel; Marc Herb; Alexander Hergovich; Anna Herman-Antosiewicz; Agustín Hernández; Carlos Hernandez; Sergio Hernandez-Diaz; Virginia Hernandez-Gea; Amaury Herpin; Judit Herreros; Javier H Hervás; Daniel Hesselson; Claudio Hetz; Volker T Heussler; Yujiro Higuchi; Sabine Hilfiker; Joseph A Hill; William S Hlavacek; Emmanuel A Ho; Idy HT Ho; Philip Wing-Lok Ho; Shu-Leong Ho; Wan Yun Ho; G Aaron Hobbs; Mark Hochstrasser; Peter HM Hoet; Daniel Hofius; Paul Hofman; Annika Höhn; Carina I Holmberg; Jose R Hombrebueno; Chang-Won Hong Yi-Ren Hong; Lora V Hooper; Thorsten Hoppe; Rastislav Horos; Yujin Hoshida; I-Lun Hsin; Hsin-Yun Hsu; Bing Hu; Dong Hu; Li-Fang Hu; Ming Chang Hu; Ronggui Hu; Wei Hu; Yu-Chen Hu; Zhuo-Wei Hu; Fang Hua; Jinlian Hua; Yingqi Hua; Chongmin Huan; Canhua Huang; Chuanshu Huang; Chuanxin Huang; Chunling Huang; Haishan Huang; Kun Huang; Michael LH Huang; Rui Huang; Shan Huang; Tianzhi Huang; Xing Huang; Yuxiang Jack Huang; Tobias B Huber; Virginie Hubert; Christian A Hubner; Stephanie M Hughes; William E Hughes; Magali Humbert; Gerhard Hummer; James H Hurley; Sabah Hussain; Salik Hussain; Patrick J Hussey; Martina Hutabarat; Hui-Yun Hwang; Seungmin Hwang; Antonio Ieni; Fumiyo Ikeda; Yusuke Imagawa; Yuzuru Imai; Carol Imbriano; Masaya Imoto; Denise M Inman; Ken Inoki; Juan Iovanna; Renato V Iozzo; Giuseppe Ippolito; Javier E Irazoqui; Pablo Iribarren; Mohd Ishaq; Makoto Ishikawa; Nestor Ishimwe; Ciro Isidoro; Nahed Ismail; Shohreh Issazadeh-Navikas; Eisuke Itakura; Daisuke Ito; Davor Ivankovic; Saška Ivanova; Anand Krishnan V Iyer; José M Izquierdo; Masanori Izumi; Marja Jäättelä; Majid Sakhi Jabir; William T Jackson; Nadia Jacobo-Herrera; Anne-Claire Jacomin; Elise Jacquin; Pooja Jadiya; Hartmut Jaeschke; Chinnaswamy Jagannath; Arjen J Jakobi; Johan Jakobsson; Bassam Janji; Pidder Jansen-Dürr; Patric J Jansson; Jonathan Jantsch; Sławomir Januszewski; Alagie Jassey; Steve Jean; Hélène Jeltsch-David; Pavla Jendelova; Andreas Jenny; Thomas E Jensen; Niels Jessen; Jenna L Jewell; Jing Ji; Lijun Jia; Rui Jia; Liwen Jiang; Qing Jiang; Richeng Jiang; Teng Jiang; Xuejun Jiang; Yu Jiang; Maria Jimenez-Sanchez; Eun-Jung Jin; Fengyan Jin; Hongchuan Jin; Li Jin; Luqi Jin; Meiyan Jin; Si Jin; Eun-Kyeong Jo; Carine Joffre; Terje Johansen; Gail VW Johnson; Simon A Johnston; Eija Jokitalo; Mohit Kumar Jolly; Leo AB Joosten; Joaquin Jordan; Bertrand Joseph; Dianwen Ju; Jeong-Sun Ju; Jingfang Ju; Esmeralda Juárez; Delphine Judith; Gábor Juhász; Youngsoo Jun; Chang Hwa Jung; Sung-Chul Jung; Yong Keun Jung; Heinz Jungbluth; Johannes Jungverdorben; Steffen Just; Kai Kaarniranta; Allen Kaasik; Tomohiro Kabuta; Daniel Kaganovich; Alon Kahana; Renate Kain; Shinjo Kajimura; Maria Kalamvoki; Manjula Kalia; Danuta S Kalinowski; Nina Kaludercic; Ioanna Kalvari; Joanna Kaminska; Vitaliy O Kaminskyy; Hiromitsu Kanamori; Keizo Kanasaki; Chanhee Kang; Rui Kang; Sang Sun Kang; Senthilvelrajan Kaniyappan; Tomotake Kanki; Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti; Anumantha G Kanthasamy; Arthi Kanthasamy; Marc Kantorow; Orsolya Kapuy; Michalis V Karamouzis; Md Razaul Karim; Parimal Karmakar; Rajesh G Katare; Masaru Kato; Stefan HE Kaufmann; Anu Kauppinen; Gur P Kaushal; Susmita Kaushik; Kiyoshi Kawasaki; Kemal Kazan; Po-Yuan Ke; Damien J Keating; Ursula Keber; John H Kehrl; Kate E Keller; Christian W Keller; Jongsook Kim Kemper; Candia M Kenific; Oliver Kepp; Stephanie Kermorgant; Andreas Kern; Robin Ketteler; Tom G Keulers; Boris Khalfin; Hany Khalil; Bilon Khambu; Shahid Y Khan; Vinoth Kumar Megraj Khandelwal; Rekha Khandia; Widuri Kho; Noopur V Khobrekar; Sataree Khuansuwan; Mukhran Khundadze; Samuel A Killackey; Dasol Kim; Deok Ryong Kim; Do-Hyung Kim; Dong-Eun Kim; Eun Young Kim; Eun-Kyoung Kim; Hak-Rim Kim; Hee-Sik Kim; Hyung-Ryong Kim; Jeong Hun Kim; Jin Kyung Kim; Jin-Hoi Kim; Joungmok Kim; Ju Hwan Kim; Keun Il Kim; Peter K Kim; Seong-Jun Kim; Scot R Kimball; Adi Kimchi; Alec C Kimmelman; Tomonori Kimura; Matthew A King; Kerri J Kinghorn; Conan G Kinsey; Vladimir Kirkin; Lorrie A Kirshenbaum; Sergey L Kiselev; Shuji Kishi; Katsuhiko Kitamoto; Yasushi Kitaoka; Kaio Kitazato; Richard N Kitsis; Josef T Kittler; Ole Kjaerulff; Peter S Klein; Thomas Klopstock; Jochen Klucken; Helene Knævelsrud; Roland L Knorr; Ben CB Ko; Fred Ko; Jiunn-Liang Ko; Hotaka Kobayashi; Satoru Kobayashi; Ina Koch; Jan C Koch; Ulrich Koenig; Donat Kögel; Young Ho Koh; Masato Koike; Sepp D Kohlwein; Nur M Kocaturk; Masaaki Komatsu; Jeannette König; Toru Kono; Benjamin T Kopp; Tamas Korcsmaros; Gözde Korkmaz; Viktor I Korolchuk; Mónica Suárez Korsnes; Ali Koskela; Janaiah Kota; Yaichiro Kotake; Monica L Kotler; Yanjun Kou; Michael I Koukourakis; Evangelos Koustas; Attila L Kovacs; Tibor Kovács; Daisuke Koya; Tomohiro Kozako; Claudine Kraft; Dimitri Krainc; Helmut Krämer; Anna D Krasnodembskaya; Carole Kretz-Remy; Guido Kroemer; Nicholas T Ktistakis; Kazuyuki Kuchitsu; Sabine Kuenen; Lars Kuerschner; Thomas Kukar; Ajay Kumar; Ashok Kumar; Deepak Kumar; Dhiraj Kumar; Sharad Kumar; Shinji Kume; Caroline Kumsta; Chanakya N Kundu; Mondira Kundu; Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara; Lukasz Kurgan; Tatiana G Kutateladze; Ozlem Kutlu; SeongAe Kwak; Ho Jeong Kwon; Taeg Kyu Kwon; Yong Tae Kwon; Irene Kyrmizi; Albert La Spada; Patrick Labonté; Sylvain Ladoire; Ilaria Laface; Frank Lafont; Diane C Lagace; Vikramjit Lahiri; Zhibing Lai; Angela S Laird; Aparna Lakkaraju; Trond Lamark; Sheng-Hui Lan; Ane Landajuela; Darius Lane; Jon D Lane; Charles H Lang; Carsten Lange; Ülo Langel; Rupert Langer; Pierre Lapaquette; Jocelyn Laporte; Nicholas F LaRusso; Isabel Lastres-Becker; Wilson Chun Yu Lau; Gordon W Laurie; Sergio Lavandero; Betty Yuen Kwan Law; Helen Ka-Wai Law; Rob Layfield; Weidong Le; Herve Le Stunff; Alexandre Y Leary; Jean-Jacques Lebrun; Lionel YW Leck; Jean-Philippe Leduc-Gaudet; Changwook Lee; Chung-Pei Lee; Da-Hye Lee; Edward B Lee; Erinna F Lee; Gyun Min Lee; He-Jin Lee; Heung Kyu Lee; Jae Man Lee; Jason S Lee; Jin-A Lee; Joo-Yong Lee; Jun Hee Lee; Michael Lee; Min Goo Lee; Min Jae Lee; Myung-Shik Lee; Sang Yoon Lee; Seung-Jae Lee; Stella Y Lee; Sung Bae Lee; Won Hee Lee; Ying-Ray Lee; Yong-Ho Lee; Youngil Lee; Christophe Lefebvre; Renaud Legouis; Yu L Lei; Yuchen Lei; Sergey Leikin; Gerd Leitinger; Leticia Lemus; Shuilong Leng; Olivia Lenoir; Guido Lenz; Heinz Josef Lenz; Paola Lenzi; Yolanda León; Andréia M Leopoldino; Christoph Leschczyk; Stina Leskelä; Elisabeth Letellier; Chi-Ting Leung; Po Sing Leung; Jeremy S Leventhal; Beth Levine; Patrick A Lewis; Klaus Ley; Bin Li; Da-Qiang Li; Jianming Li; Jing Li; Jiong Li; Ke Li; Liwu Li; Mei Li; Min Li; Ming Li; Mingchuan Li; Pin-Lan Li; Ming-Qing Li; Qing Li; Sheng Li; Tiangang Li; Wei Li; Wenming Li; Xue Li; Yi-Ping Li; Yuan Li; Zhiqiang Li; Zhiyong Li; Zhiyuan Li; Jiqin Lian; Chengyu Liang; Qiangrong Liang; Weicheng Liang; Yongheng Liang; YongTian Liang; Guanghong Liao; Lujian Liao; Mingzhi Liao; Yung-Feng Liao; Mariangela Librizzi; Pearl PY Lie; Mary A Lilly; Hyunjung J Lim; Thania RR Lima; Federica Limana; Chao Lin; Chih-Wen Lin; Dar-Shong Lin; Fu-Cheng Lin; Jiandie D Lin; Kurt M Lin; Kwang-Huei Lin; Liang-Tzung Lin; Pei-Hui Lin; Qiong Lin; Shaofeng Lin; Su-Ju Lin; Wenyu Lin; Xueying Lin; Yao-Xin Lin; Yee-Shin Lin; Rafael Linden; Paula Lindner; Shuo-Chien Ling; Paul Lingor; Amelia K Linnemann; Yih-Cherng Liou; Marta M Lipinski; Saška Lipovšek; Vitor A Lira; Natalia Lisiak; Paloma B Liton; Chao Liu; Ching-Hsuan Liu; Chun-Feng Liu; Cui Hua Liu; Fang Liu; Hao Liu; Hsiao-Sheng Liu; Hua-Feng Liu; Huifang Liu; Jia Liu; Jing Liu; Julia Liu; Leyuan Liu; Longhua Liu; Meilian Liu; Qin Liu; Wei Liu; Wende Liu; Xiao-Hong Liu; Xiaodong Liu; Xingguo Liu; Xu Liu; Xuedong Liu; Yanfen Liu; Yang Liu; Yueyang Liu; Yule Liu; J Andrew Livingston; Gerard Lizard; Jose M Lizcano; Senka Ljubojevic-Holzer; Matilde E LLeonart; David Llobet-Navàs; Alicia Llorente; Chih Hung Lo; Damián Lobato-Márquez; Qi Long; Yun Chau Long; Ben Loos; Julia A Loos; Manuela G López; Guillermo López-Doménech; José Antonio López-Guerrero; Ana T López-Jiménez; Óscar López-Pérez; Israel López-Valero; Magdalena J Lorenowicz; Mar Lorente; Peter Lorincz; Laura Lossi; Sophie Lotersztajn; Penny E Lovat; Jonathan F Lovell; Alenka Lovy; Péter Lőw; Guang Lu; Haocheng Lu; Jia-Hong Lu; Jin-Jian Lu; Mengji Lu; Shuyan Lu; Alessandro Luciani; John M Lucocq; Paula Ludovico; Micah A Luftig; Morten Luhr; Diego Luis-Ravelo; Julian J Lum; Liany Luna-Dulcey; Anders H Lund; Viktor K Lund; Jan D Lünemann; Patrick Lüningschrör; Honglin Luo; Rongcan Luo; Shouqing Luo; Zhi Luo; Claudio Luparello; Bernhard Lüscher; Luan Luu; Alex Lyakhovich; Konstantin G Lyamzaev; Alf Håkon Lystad; Lyubomyr Lytvynchuk; Alvin C Ma; Changle Ma; Mengxiao Ma; Ning-Fang Ma; Quan-Hong Ma; Xinliang Ma; Yueyun Ma; 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Adrián Martín-Segura; Miguel A Martín-Acebes; Inmaculada Martin-Burriel; Marcos Martin-Rincon; Paloma Martin-Sanz; José A Martina; Wim Martinet; Aitor Martinez; Ana Martinez; Jennifer Martinez; Moises Martinez Velazquez; Nuria Martinez-Lopez; Marta Martinez-Vicente; Daniel O Martins; Joilson O Martins; Waleska K Martins; Tania Martins-Marques; Emanuele Marzetti; Shashank Masaldan; Celine Masclaux-Daubresse; Douglas G Mashek; Valentina Massa; Lourdes Massieu; Glenn R Masson; Laura Masuelli; Anatoliy I Masyuk; Tetyana V Masyuk; Paola Matarrese; Ander Matheu; Satoaki Matoba; Sachiko Matsuzaki; Pamela Mattar; Alessandro Matte; Domenico Mattoscio; José L Mauriz; Mario Mauthe; Caroline Mauvezin; Emanual Maverakis; Paola Maycotte; Johanna Mayer; Gianluigi Mazzoccoli; Cristina Mazzoni; Joseph R Mazzulli; Nami McCarty; Christine McDonald; Mitchell R McGill; Sharon L McKenna; BethAnn McLaughlin; Fionn McLoughlin; Mark A McNiven; Thomas G McWilliams; Fatima Mechta-Grigoriou; Tania Catarina Medeiros; 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doi:10.17863/cam.66286

Journal article

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)1

Daniel J Klionsky, Amal Kamal Abdel-Aziz, Sara Abdelfatah, Mahmoud Abdellatif, Asghar Abdoli, Steffen Abel, Hagai Abeliovich, Marie H Abildgaard, Yakubu Princely Abudu, Abraham Acevedo-Arozena, …

25/03/2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.66286

Abstract

stress

Autophagy-Related Proteins

vacuole

macroautophagy

Humans

neurodegeneration

Lysosomes

Autophagy

Autophagosomes

Animals

Biomarkers

flux

Biological Assay

cancer

Autophagosome

LC3

lysosome

phagophore

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field.

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Title: Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)1
Creators: Daniel J Klionsky
Amal Kamal Abdel-Aziz
Sara Abdelfatah
Mahmoud Abdellatif
Asghar Abdoli
Steffen Abel
Hagai Abeliovich
Marie H Abildgaard
Yakubu Princely Abudu
Abraham Acevedo-Arozena
Iannis E Adamopoulos
Khosrow Adeli
Timon E Adolph
Annagrazia Adornetto
Elma Aflaki
Galila Agam
Anupam Agarwal
Bharat B Aggarwal
Maria Agnello
Patrizia Agostinis
Javed N Agrewala
Alexander Agrotis
Patricia V Aguilar
S Tariq Ahmad
Zubair M Ahmed
Ulises Ahumada-Castro
Sonja Aits
Shu Aizawa
Yunus Akkoc
Tonia Akoumianaki
Hafize Aysin Akpinar
Ahmed M Al-Abd
Lina Al-Akra
Abeer Al-Gharaibeh
Moulay A Alaoui-Jamali
Simon Alberti
Elísabet Alcocer-Gómez
Cristiano Alessandri
Muhammad Ali
M Abdul Alim Al-Bari
Saeb Aliwaini
Javad Alizadeh
Eugènia Almacellas
Alexandru Almasan
Alicia Alonso
Guillermo D Alonso
Nihal Altan-Bonnet
Dario C Altieri
Élida MC Álvarez
Sara Alves
Cristine Alves Da Costa
Mazen M Alzaharna
Marialaura Amadio
Consuelo Amantini
Cristina Amaral
Susanna Ambrosio
Amal O Amer
Veena Ammanathan
Zhenyi An
Stig U Andersen
Shaida A Andrabi
Magaiver Andrade-Silva
Allen M Andres
Sabrina Angelini
David Ann
Uche C Anozie
Mohammad Y Ansari
Pedro Antas
Adam Antebi
Zuriñe Antón
Tahira Anwar
Lionel Apetoh
Nadezda Apostolova
Toshiyuki Araki
Yasuhiro Araki
Kohei Arasaki
Wagner L Araújo
Jun Araya
Catherine Arden
Maria-Angeles Arévalo
Sandro Arguelles
Esperanza Arias
Jyothi Arikkath
Hirokazu Arimoto
Aileen R Ariosa
Darius Armstrong-James
Laetitia Arnauné-Pelloquin
Angeles Aroca
Daniela S Arroyo
Ivica Arsov
Rubén Artero
Dalia Maria Lucia Asaro
Michael Aschner
Milad Ashrafizadeh
Osnat Ashur-Fabian
Atanas G Atanasov
Alicia K Au
Patrick Auberger
Holger W Auner
Laure Aurelian
Riccardo Autelli
Laura Avagliano
Yenniffer Ávalos
Sanja Aveic
Célia Alexandra Aveleira
Tamar Avin-Wittenberg
Yucel Aydin
Scott Ayton
Srinivas Ayyadevara
Maria Azzopardi
Misuzu Baba
Jonathan M Backer
Steven K Backues
Dong-Hun Bae
Ok-Nam Bae
Soo Han Bae
Eric H Baehrecke
Ahruem Baek
Seung-Hoon Baek
Sung Hee Baek
Giacinto Bagetta
Agnieszka Bagniewska-Zadworna
Hua Bai
Jie Bai
Xiyuan Bai
Yidong Bai
Nandadulal Bairagi
Shounak Baksi
Teresa Balbi
Cosima T Baldari
Walter Balduini
Andrea Ballabio
Maria Ballester
Salma Balazadeh
Rena Balzan
Rina Bandopadhyay
Sreeparna Banerjee
Sulagna Banerjee
Ágnes Bánréti
Yan Bao
Mauricio S Baptista
Alessandra Baracca
Cristiana Barbati
Ariadna Bargiela
Daniela Barilà
Peter G Barlow
Sami J Barmada
Esther Barreiro
George E Barreto
Jiri Bartek
Bonnie Bartel
Alberto Bartolome
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Suresh H Basagoudanavar
Diane C Bassham
Robert C Bast
Alakananda Basu
Henri Batoko
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Bradley L Baumgarner
Jagadeesh Bayry
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Florian Beaumatin
Luiz RG Bechara
George R Beck
Michael F Beers
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Christian Behrends
Georg MN Behrens
Roberto Bei
Eloy Bejarano
Shai Bel
Christian Behl
Amine Belaid
Naïma Belgareh-Touzé
Cristina Bellarosa
Francesca Belleudi
Melissa Belló Pérez
Raquel Bello-Morales
Jackeline Soares De Oliveira Beltran
Sebastián Beltran
Doris Mangiaracina Benbrook
Mykolas Bendorius
Bruno A Benitez
Irene Benito-Cuesta
Julien Bensalem
Martin W Berchtold
Sabina Berezowska
Daniele Bergamaschi
Matteo Bergami
Andreas Bergmann
Laura Berliocchi
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A Brent Carter
Andreia Neves Carvalho
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Chiara Cassioli
Eliseo F Castillo
Karen Castillo
Sonia Castillo-Lluva
Francesca Castoldi
Marco Castori
Ariel F Castro
Margarida Castro-Caldas
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Sergio D Catz
Claudia Cavadas
Federica Cavaliere
Gabriella Cavallini
Maria Cavinato
Maria L Cayuela
Paula Cebollada Rica
Valentina Cecarini
Francesco Cecconi
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Simone Cenci
Victòria Ceperuelo-Mallafré
João J Cerqueira
Janete M Cerutti
Davide Cervia
Vildan Bozok Cetintas
Silvia Cetrullo
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Oishee Chakrabarti
Tapas Chakraborty
Trinad Chakraborty
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David W Chan
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HY Edwin Chan
Helen H Chan
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Shiping Ding
Wen-Xing Ding
Luciana Dini
Jelena Dinić
Miroslav Dinic
Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
Marc S Dionne
Jörg HW Distler
Abhinav Diwan
Ian MC Dixon
Mojgan Djavaheri-Mergny
Ina Dobrinski
Oxana Dobrovinskaya
Radek Dobrowolski
Renwick CJ Dobson
Jelena Đokić
Serap Dokmeci Emre
Massimo Donadelli
Bo Dong
Xiaonan Dong
Zhiwu Dong
Gerald W Dorn Ii
Volker Dotsch
Huan Dou
Juan Dou
Moataz Dowaidar
Sami Dridi
Liat Drucker
Ailian Du
Caigan Du
Guangwei Du
Hai-Ning Du
Li-Lin Du
André Du Toit
Shao-Bin Duan
Xiaoqiong Duan
Sónia P Duarte
Anna Dubrovska
Elaine A Dunlop
Nicolas Dupont
Raúl V Durán
Bilikere S Dwarakanath
Sergey A Dyshlovoy
Darius Ebrahimi-Fakhari
Leopold Eckhart
Charles L Edelstein
Thomas Efferth
Eftekhar Eftekharpour
Ludwig Eichinger
Nabil Eid
Tobias Eisenberg
N Tony Eissa
Sanaa Eissa
Miriam Ejarque
Abdeljabar El Andaloussi
Nazira El-Hage
Shahenda El-Naggar
Anna Maria Eleuteri
Eman S El-Shafey
Mohamed Elgendy
Aristides G Eliopoulos
María M Elizalde
Philip M Elks
Hans-Peter Elsasser
Eslam S Elsherbiny
Brooke M Emerling
NC Tolga Emre
Christina H Eng
Nikolai Engedal
Anna-Mart Engelbrecht
Agnete ST Engelsen
Jorrit M Enserink
Ricardo Escalante
Audrey Esclatine
Mafalda Escobar-Henriques
Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen
Lucile Espert
Makandjou-Ola Eusebio
Gemma Fabrias
Cinzia Fabrizi
Antonio Facchiano
Francesco Facchiano
Bengt Fadeel
Claudio Fader
Alex C Faesen
W Douglas Fairlie
Alberto Falcó
Bjorn H Falkenburger
Daping Fan
Jie Fan
Yanbo Fan
Evandro F Fang
Yanshan Fang
Yognqi Fang
Manolis Fanto
Tamar Farfel-Becker
Mathias Faure
Gholamreza Fazeli
Anthony O Fedele
Arthur M Feldman
Du Feng
Jiachun Feng
Lifeng Feng
Yibin Feng
Yuchen Feng
Wei Feng
Thais Fenz Araujo
Thomas A Ferguson
Álvaro F Fernández
Jose C Fernandez-Checa
Sonia Fernández-Veledo
Alisdair R Fernie
Anthony W Ferrante
Alessandra Ferraresi
Merari F Ferrari
Julio CB Ferreira
Susan Ferro-Novick
Antonio Figueras
Riccardo Filadi
Nicoletta Filigheddu
Eduardo Filippi-Chiela
Giuseppe Filomeni
Gian Maria Fimia
Vittorio Fineschi
Francesca Finetti
Steven Finkbeiner
Edward A Fisher
Paul B Fisher
Flavio Flamigni
Steven J Fliesler
Trude H Flo
Ida Florance
Oliver Florey
Tullio Florio
Erika Fodor
Carlo Follo
Edward A Fon
Antonella Forlino
Francesco Fornai
Paola Fortini
Anna Fracassi
Alessandro Fraldi
Brunella Franco
Rodrigo Franco
Flavia Franconi
Lisa B Frankel
Scott L Friedman
Leopold F Fröhlich
Gema Frühbeck
Jose M Fuentes
Yukio Fujiki
Naonobu Fujita
Yuuki Fujiwara
Mitsunori Fukuda
Simone Fulda
Luc Furic
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Carmela Fusco
Michaela U Gack
Lidia Gaffke
Sehamuddin Galadari
Alessia Galasso
Maria F Galindo
Sachith Gallolu Kankanamalage
Lorenzo Galluzzi
Vincent Galy
Noor Gammoh
Boyi Gan
Ian G Ganley
Feng Gao
Hui Gao
Minghui Gao
Ping Gao
Shou-Jiang Gao
Wentao Gao
Xiaobo Gao
Ana Garcera
Maria Noé Garcia
Verónica E Garcia
Francisco García-Del Portillo
Vega Garcia-Escudero
Aracely Garcia-Garcia
Marina Garcia-Macia
Diana García-Moreno
Carmen Garcia-Ruiz
Patricia García-Sanz
Abhishek D Garg
Ricardo Gargini
Tina Garofalo
Robert F Garry
Nils C Gassen
Damian Gatica
Liang Ge
Wanzhong Ge
Ruth Geiss-Friedlander
Cecilia Gelfi
Pascal Genschik
Ian E Gentle
Valeria Gerbino
Christoph Gerhardt
Kyla Germain
Marc Germain
David A Gewirtz
Elham Ghasemipour Afshar
Saeid Ghavami
Alessandra Ghigo
Manosij Ghosh
Georgios Giamas
Claudia Giampietri
Alexandra Giatromanolaki
Gary E Gibson
Spencer B Gibson
Vanessa Ginet
Edward Giniger
Carlotta Giorgi
Henrique Girao
Stephen E Girardin
Mridhula Giridharan
Sandy Giuliano
Cecilia Giulivi
Sylvie Giuriato
Julien Giustiniani
Alexander Gluschko
Veit Goder
Alexander Goginashvili
Jakub Golab
David C Goldstone
Anna Golebiewska
Luciana R Gomes
Rodrigo Gomez
Rubén Gómez-Sánchez
Maria Catalina Gomez-Puerto
Raquel Gomez-Sintes
Qingqiu Gong
Felix M Goni
Javier González-Gallego
Tomas Gonzalez-Hernandez
Rosa A Gonzalez-Polo
Jose A Gonzalez-Reyes
Patricia González-Rodríguez
Ing Swie Goping
Marina S Gorbatyuk
Nikolai V Gorbunov
Kıvanç Görgülü
Roxana M Gorojod
Sharon M Gorski
Sandro Goruppi
Cecilia Gotor
Roberta A Gottlieb
Illana Gozes
Devrim Gozuacik
Martin Graef
Markus H Gräler
Veronica Granatiero
Daniel Grasso
Joshua P Gray
Douglas R Green
Alexander Greenhough
Stephen L Gregory
Edward F Griffin
Mark W Grinstaff
Frederic Gros
Charles Grose
Angelina S Gross
Florian Gruber
Paolo Grumati
Tilman Grune
Xueyan Gu
Jun-Lin Guan
Carlos M Guardia
Kishore Guda
Flora Guerra
Consuelo Guerri
Prasun Guha
Carlos Guillén
Shashi Gujar
Anna Gukovskaya
Ilya Gukovsky
Jan Gunst
Andreas Günther
Anyonya R Guntur
Chuanyong Guo
Chun Guo
Hongqing Guo
Lian-Wang Guo
Ming Guo
Pawan Gupta
Shashi Kumar Gupta
Swapnil Gupta
Veer Bala Gupta
Vivek Gupta
Asa B Gustafsson
David D Gutterman
Ranjitha H B
Annakaisa Haapasalo
James E Haber
Aleksandra Hać
Shinji Hadano
Anders J Hafrén
Mansour Haidar
Belinda S Hall
Gunnel Halldén
Anne Hamacher-Brady
Andrea Hamann
Maho Hamasaki
Weidong Han
Malene Hansen
Phyllis I Hanson
Zijian Hao
Masaru Harada
Ljubica Harhaji-Trajkovic
Nirmala Hariharan
Nigil Haroon
James Harris
Takafumi Hasegawa
Noor Hasima Nagoor
Jeffrey A Haspel
Volker Haucke
Wayne D Hawkins
Bruce A Hay
Cole M Haynes
Soren B Hayrabedyan
Thomas S Hays
Congcong He
Qin He
Rong-Rong He
You-Wen He
Yu-Ying He
Yasser Heakal
Alexander M Heberle
J Fielding Hejtmancik
Gudmundur Vignir Helgason
Vanessa Henkel
Marc Herb
Alexander Hergovich
Anna Herman-Antosiewicz
Agustín Hernández
Carlos Hernandez
Sergio Hernandez-Diaz
Virginia Hernandez-Gea
Amaury Herpin
Judit Herreros
Javier H Hervás
Daniel Hesselson
Claudio Hetz
Volker T Heussler
Yujiro Higuchi
Sabine Hilfiker
Joseph A Hill
William S Hlavacek
Emmanuel A Ho
Idy HT Ho
Philip Wing-Lok Ho
Shu-Leong Ho
Wan Yun Ho
G Aaron Hobbs
Mark Hochstrasser
Peter HM Hoet
Daniel Hofius
Paul Hofman
Annika Höhn
Carina I Holmberg
Jose R Hombrebueno
Chang-Won Hong Yi-Ren Hong
Lora V Hooper
Thorsten Hoppe
Rastislav Horos
Yujin Hoshida
I-Lun Hsin
Hsin-Yun Hsu
Bing Hu
Dong Hu
Li-Fang Hu
Ming Chang Hu
Ronggui Hu
Wei Hu
Yu-Chen Hu
Zhuo-Wei Hu
Fang Hua
Jinlian Hua
Yingqi Hua
Chongmin Huan
Canhua Huang
Chuanshu Huang
Chuanxin Huang
Chunling Huang
Haishan Huang
Kun Huang
Michael LH Huang
Rui Huang
Shan Huang
Tianzhi Huang
Xing Huang
Yuxiang Jack Huang
Tobias B Huber
Virginie Hubert
Christian A Hubner
Stephanie M Hughes
William E Hughes
Magali Humbert
Gerhard Hummer
James H Hurley
Sabah Hussain
Salik Hussain
Patrick J Hussey
Martina Hutabarat
Hui-Yun Hwang
Seungmin Hwang
Antonio Ieni
Fumiyo Ikeda
Yusuke Imagawa
Yuzuru Imai
Carol Imbriano
Masaya Imoto
Denise M Inman
Ken Inoki
Juan Iovanna
Renato V Iozzo
Giuseppe Ippolito
Javier E Irazoqui
Pablo Iribarren
Mohd Ishaq
Makoto Ishikawa
Nestor Ishimwe
Ciro Isidoro
Nahed Ismail
Shohreh Issazadeh-Navikas
Eisuke Itakura
Daisuke Ito
Davor Ivankovic
Saška Ivanova
Anand Krishnan V Iyer
José M Izquierdo
Masanori Izumi
Marja Jäättelä
Majid Sakhi Jabir
William T Jackson
Nadia Jacobo-Herrera
Anne-Claire Jacomin
Elise Jacquin
Pooja Jadiya
Hartmut Jaeschke
Chinnaswamy Jagannath
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Bassam Janji
Pidder Jansen-Dürr
Patric J Jansson
Jonathan Jantsch
Sławomir Januszewski
Alagie Jassey
Steve Jean
Hélène Jeltsch-David
Pavla Jendelova
Andreas Jenny
Thomas E Jensen
Niels Jessen
Jenna L Jewell
Jing Ji
Lijun Jia
Rui Jia
Liwen Jiang
Qing Jiang
Richeng Jiang
Teng Jiang
Xuejun Jiang
Yu Jiang
Maria Jimenez-Sanchez
Eun-Jung Jin
Fengyan Jin
Hongchuan Jin
Li Jin
Luqi Jin
Meiyan Jin
Si Jin
Eun-Kyeong Jo
Carine Joffre
Terje Johansen
Gail VW Johnson
Simon A Johnston
Eija Jokitalo
Mohit Kumar Jolly
Leo AB Joosten
Joaquin Jordan
Bertrand Joseph
Dianwen Ju
Jeong-Sun Ju
Jingfang Ju
Esmeralda Juárez
Delphine Judith
Gábor Juhász
Youngsoo Jun
Chang Hwa Jung
Sung-Chul Jung
Yong Keun Jung
Heinz Jungbluth
Johannes Jungverdorben
Steffen Just
Kai Kaarniranta
Allen Kaasik
Tomohiro Kabuta
Daniel Kaganovich
Alon Kahana
Renate Kain
Shinjo Kajimura
Maria Kalamvoki
Manjula Kalia
Danuta S Kalinowski
Nina Kaludercic
Ioanna Kalvari
Joanna Kaminska
Vitaliy O Kaminskyy
Hiromitsu Kanamori
Keizo Kanasaki
Chanhee Kang
Rui Kang
Sang Sun Kang
Senthilvelrajan Kaniyappan
Tomotake Kanki
Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti
Anumantha G Kanthasamy
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Marc Kantorow
Orsolya Kapuy
Michalis V Karamouzis
Md Razaul Karim
Parimal Karmakar
Rajesh G Katare
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Stefan HE Kaufmann
Anu Kauppinen
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Kiyoshi Kawasaki
Kemal Kazan
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Ursula Keber
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Jongsook Kim Kemper
Candia M Kenific
Oliver Kepp
Stephanie Kermorgant
Andreas Kern
Robin Ketteler
Tom G Keulers
Boris Khalfin
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Bilon Khambu
Shahid Y Khan
Vinoth Kumar Megraj Khandelwal
Rekha Khandia
Widuri Kho
Noopur V Khobrekar
Sataree Khuansuwan
Mukhran Khundadze
Samuel A Killackey
Dasol Kim
Deok Ryong Kim
Do-Hyung Kim
Dong-Eun Kim
Eun Young Kim
Eun-Kyoung Kim
Hak-Rim Kim
Hee-Sik Kim
Hyung-Ryong Kim
Jeong Hun Kim
Jin Kyung Kim
Jin-Hoi Kim
Joungmok Kim
Ju Hwan Kim
Keun Il Kim
Peter K Kim
Seong-Jun Kim
Scot R Kimball
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Alec C Kimmelman
Tomonori Kimura
Matthew A King
Kerri J Kinghorn
Conan G Kinsey
Vladimir Kirkin
Lorrie A Kirshenbaum
Sergey L Kiselev
Shuji Kishi
Katsuhiko Kitamoto
Yasushi Kitaoka
Kaio Kitazato
Richard N Kitsis
Josef T Kittler
Ole Kjaerulff
Peter S Klein
Thomas Klopstock
Jochen Klucken
Helene Knævelsrud
Roland L Knorr
Ben CB Ko
Fred Ko
Jiunn-Liang Ko
Hotaka Kobayashi
Satoru Kobayashi
Ina Koch
Jan C Koch
Ulrich Koenig
Donat Kögel
Young Ho Koh
Masato Koike
Sepp D Kohlwein
Nur M Kocaturk
Masaaki Komatsu
Jeannette König
Toru Kono
Benjamin T Kopp
Tamas Korcsmaros
Gözde Korkmaz
Viktor I Korolchuk
Mónica Suárez Korsnes
Ali Koskela
Janaiah Kota
Yaichiro Kotake
Monica L Kotler
Yanjun Kou
Michael I Koukourakis
Evangelos Koustas
Attila L Kovacs
Tibor Kovács
Daisuke Koya
Tomohiro Kozako
Claudine Kraft
Dimitri Krainc
Helmut Krämer
Anna D Krasnodembskaya
Carole Kretz-Remy
Guido Kroemer
Nicholas T Ktistakis
Kazuyuki Kuchitsu
Sabine Kuenen
Lars Kuerschner
Thomas Kukar
Ajay Kumar
Ashok Kumar
Deepak Kumar
Dhiraj Kumar
Sharad Kumar
Shinji Kume
Caroline Kumsta
Chanakya N Kundu
Mondira Kundu
Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
Lukasz Kurgan
Tatiana G Kutateladze
Ozlem Kutlu
SeongAe Kwak
Ho Jeong Kwon
Taeg Kyu Kwon
Yong Tae Kwon
Irene Kyrmizi
Albert La Spada
Patrick Labonté
Sylvain Ladoire
Ilaria Laface
Frank Lafont
Diane C Lagace
Vikramjit Lahiri
Zhibing Lai
Angela S Laird
Aparna Lakkaraju
Trond Lamark
Sheng-Hui Lan
Ane Landajuela
Darius Lane
Jon D Lane
Charles H Lang
Carsten Lange
Ülo Langel
Rupert Langer
Pierre Lapaquette
Jocelyn Laporte
Nicholas F LaRusso
Isabel Lastres-Becker
Wilson Chun Yu Lau
Gordon W Laurie
Sergio Lavandero
Betty Yuen Kwan Law
Helen Ka-Wai Law
Rob Layfield
Weidong Le
Herve Le Stunff
Alexandre Y Leary
Jean-Jacques Lebrun
Lionel YW Leck
Jean-Philippe Leduc-Gaudet
Changwook Lee
Chung-Pei Lee
Da-Hye Lee
Edward B Lee
Erinna F Lee
Gyun Min Lee
He-Jin Lee
Heung Kyu Lee
Jae Man Lee
Jason S Lee
Jin-A Lee
Joo-Yong Lee
Jun Hee Lee
Michael Lee
Min Goo Lee
Min Jae Lee
Myung-Shik Lee
Sang Yoon Lee
Seung-Jae Lee
Stella Y Lee
Sung Bae Lee
Won Hee Lee
Ying-Ray Lee
Yong-Ho Lee
Youngil Lee
Christophe Lefebvre
Renaud Legouis
Yu L Lei
Yuchen Lei
Sergey Leikin
Gerd Leitinger
Leticia Lemus
Shuilong Leng
Olivia Lenoir
Guido Lenz
Heinz Josef Lenz
Paola Lenzi
Yolanda León
Andréia M Leopoldino
Christoph Leschczyk
Stina Leskelä
Elisabeth Letellier
Chi-Ting Leung
Po Sing Leung
Jeremy S Leventhal
Beth Levine
Patrick A Lewis
Klaus Ley
Bin Li
Da-Qiang Li
Jianming Li
Jing Li
Jiong Li
Ke Li
Liwu Li
Mei Li
Min Li
Min Li
Ming Li
Mingchuan Li
Pin-Lan Li
Ming-Qing Li
Qing Li
Sheng Li
Tiangang Li
Wei Li
Wenming Li
Xue Li
Yi-Ping Li
Yuan Li
Zhiqiang Li
Zhiyong Li
Zhiyuan Li
Jiqin Lian
Chengyu Liang
Qiangrong Liang
Weicheng Liang
Yongheng Liang
YongTian Liang
Guanghong Liao
Lujian Liao
Mingzhi Liao
Yung-Feng Liao
Mariangela Librizzi
Pearl PY Lie
Mary A Lilly
Hyunjung J Lim
Thania RR Lima
Federica Limana
Chao Lin
Chih-Wen Lin
Dar-Shong Lin
Fu-Cheng Lin
Jiandie D Lin
Kurt M Lin
Kwang-Huei Lin
Liang-Tzung Lin
Pei-Hui Lin
Qiong Lin
Shaofeng Lin
Su-Ju Lin
Wenyu Lin
Xueying Lin
Yao-Xin Lin
Yee-Shin Lin
Rafael Linden
Paula Lindner
Shuo-Chien Ling
Paul Lingor
Amelia K Linnemann
Yih-Cherng Liou
Marta M Lipinski
Saška Lipovšek
Vitor A Lira
Natalia Lisiak
Paloma B Liton
Chao Liu
Ching-Hsuan Liu
Chun-Feng Liu
Cui Hua Liu
Fang Liu
Hao Liu
Hsiao-Sheng Liu
Hua-Feng Liu
Huifang Liu
Jia Liu
Jing Liu
Julia Liu
Leyuan Liu
Longhua Liu
Meilian Liu
Qin Liu
Wei Liu
Wende Liu
Xiao-Hong Liu
Xiaodong Liu
Xingguo Liu
Xu Liu
Xuedong Liu
Yanfen Liu
Yang Liu
Yang Liu
Yueyang Liu
Yule Liu
J Andrew Livingston
Gerard Lizard
Jose M Lizcano
Senka Ljubojevic-Holzer
Matilde E LLeonart
David Llobet-Navàs
Alicia Llorente
Chih Hung Lo
Damián Lobato-Márquez
Qi Long
Yun Chau Long
Ben Loos
Julia A Loos
Manuela G López
Guillermo López-Doménech
José Antonio López-Guerrero
Ana T López-Jiménez
Óscar López-Pérez
Israel López-Valero
Magdalena J Lorenowicz
Mar Lorente
Peter Lorincz
Laura Lossi
Sophie Lotersztajn
Penny E Lovat
Jonathan F Lovell
Alenka Lovy
Péter Lőw
Guang Lu
Haocheng Lu
Jia-Hong Lu
Jin-Jian Lu
Mengji Lu
Shuyan Lu
Alessandro Luciani
John M Lucocq
Paula Ludovico
Micah A Luftig
Morten Luhr
Diego Luis-Ravelo
Julian J Lum
Liany Luna-Dulcey
Anders H Lund
Viktor K Lund
Jan D Lünemann
Patrick Lüningschrör
Honglin Luo
Rongcan Luo
Shouqing Luo
Zhi Luo
Claudio Luparello
Bernhard Lüscher
Luan Luu
Alex Lyakhovich
Konstantin G Lyamzaev
Alf Håkon Lystad
Lyubomyr Lytvynchuk
Alvin C Ma
Changle Ma
Mengxiao Ma
Ning-Fang Ma
Quan-Hong Ma
Xinliang Ma
Yueyun Ma
Zhenyi Ma
Ormond A MacDougald
Fernando Macian
Gustavo C MacIntosh
Jeffrey P MacKeigan
Kay F Macleod
Sandra Maday
Frank Madeo
Muniswamy Madesh
Tobias Madl
Julio Madrigal-Matute
Akiko Maeda
Yasuhiro Maejima
Marta Magarinos
Poornima Mahavadi
Emiliano Maiani
Kenneth Maiese
Panchanan Maiti
Maria Chiara Maiuri
Barbara Majello
Michael B Major
Elena Makareeva
Fayaz Malik
Karthik Mallilankaraman
Walter Malorni
Alina Maloyan
Najiba Mammadova
Gene Chi Wai Man
Federico Manai
Joseph D Mancias
Eva-Maria Mandelkow
Michael A Mandell
Angelo A Manfredi
Masoud H Manjili
Ravi Manjithaya
Patricio Manque
Bella B Manshian
Raquel Manzano
Claudia Manzoni
Kai Mao
Cinzia Marchese
Sandrine Marchetti
Anna Maria Marconi
Fabrizio Marcucci
Stefania Mardente
Olga A Mareninova
Marta Margeta
Muriel Mari
Sara Marinelli
Oliviero Marinelli
Guillermo Mariño
Sofia Mariotto
Richard S Marshall
Mark R Marten
Sascha Martens
Alexandre PJ Martin
Katie R Martin
Sara Martin
Shaun Martin
Adrián Martín-Segura
Miguel A Martín-Acebes
Inmaculada Martin-Burriel
Marcos Martin-Rincon
Paloma Martin-Sanz
José A Martina
Wim Martinet
Aitor Martinez
Ana Martinez
Jennifer Martinez
Moises Martinez Velazquez
Nuria Martinez-Lopez
Marta Martinez-Vicente
Daniel O Martins
Joilson O Martins
Waleska K Martins
Tania Martins-Marques
Emanuele Marzetti
Shashank Masaldan
Celine Masclaux-Daubresse
Douglas G Mashek
Valentina Massa
Lourdes Massieu
Glenn R Masson
Laura Masuelli
Anatoliy I Masyuk
Tetyana V Masyuk
Paola Matarrese
Ander Matheu
Satoaki Matoba
Sachiko Matsuzaki
Pamela Mattar
Alessandro Matte
Domenico Mattoscio
José L Mauriz
Mario Mauthe
Caroline Mauvezin
Emanual Maverakis
Paola Maycotte
Johanna Mayer
Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
Cristina Mazzoni
Joseph R Mazzulli
Nami McCarty
Christine McDonald
Mitchell R McGill
Sharon L McKenna
BethAnn McLaughlin
Fionn McLoughlin
Mark A McNiven
Thomas G McWilliams
Fatima Mechta-Grigoriou
Tania Catarina Medeiros
Diego L Medina
Lynn A Megeney
Klara Megyeri
Maryam Mehrpour
Jawahar L Mehta
Alfred J Meijer
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Jakob Mejlvang
Alicia Meléndez
Annette Melk
Gonen Memisoglu
Alexandrina F Mendes
Delong Meng
Fei Meng
Tian Meng
Rubem Menna-Barreto
Manoj B Menon
Carol Mercer
Anne E Mercier
Jean-Louis Mergny
Adalberto Merighi
Seth D Merkley
Giuseppe Merla
Volker Meske
Ana Cecilia Mestre
Shree Padma Metur
Christian Meyer
Hemmo Meyer
Wenyi Mi
Jeanne Mialet-Perez
Junying Miao
Lucia Micale
Yasuo Miki
Enrico Milan
Małgorzata Milczarek
Dana L Miller
Samuel I Miller
Silke Miller
Steven W Millward
Ira Milosevic
Elena A Minina
Hamed Mirzaei
Hamid Reza Mirzaei
Mehdi Mirzaei
Amit Mishra
Nandita Mishra
Paras Kumar Mishra
Maja Misirkic Marjanovic
Roberta Misasi
Amit Misra
Gabriella Misso
Claire Mitchell
Geraldine Mitou
Tetsuji Miura
Shigeki Miyamoto
Makoto Miyazaki
Mitsunori Miyazaki
Taiga Miyazaki
Keisuke Miyazawa
Noboru Mizushima
Trine H Mogensen
Baharia Mograbi
Reza Mohammadinejad
Yasir Mohamud
Abhishek Mohanty
Sipra Mohapatra
Torsten Möhlmann
Asif Mohmmed
Anna Moles
Kelle H Moley
Maurizio Molinari
Vincenzo Mollace
Andreas Buch Møller
Bertrand Mollereau
Faustino Mollinedo
Costanza Montagna
Mervyn J Monteiro
Andrea Montella
L Ruth Montes
Barbara Montico
Vinod K Mony
Giacomo Monzio Compagnoni
Michael N Moore
Mohammad A Moosavi
Ana L Mora
Marina Mora
David Morales-Alamo
Rosario Moratalla
Paula I Moreira
Elena Morelli
Sandra Moreno
Daniel Moreno-Blas
Viviana Moresi
Benjamin Morga
Alwena H Morgan
Fabrice Morin
Hideaki Morishita
Orson L Moritz
Mariko Moriyama
Yuji Moriyasu
Manuela Morleo
Eugenia Morselli
Jose F Moruno-Manchon
Jorge Moscat
Serge Mostowy
Elisa Motori
Andrea Felinto Moura
Naima Moustaid-Moussa
Maria Mrakovcic
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Liu Yang
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Pei-Ming Yang
Qian Yang
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Shu Yang
Shun-Fa Yang
Wannian Yang
Wei Yuan Yang
Xiaoyong Yang
Xuesong Yang
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Huafeng Zhang
Huaye Zhang
Hui Zhang
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Jianbin Zhang
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Kalin YB Zhang
Leshuai W Zhang
Lin Zhang
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Lu Zhang
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Menghuan Zhang
Peng Zhang
Sheng Zhang
Wei Zhang
Xiangnan Zhang
Xiao-Wei Zhang
Xiaolei Zhang
Xiaoyan Zhang
Xin Zhang
Xinxin Zhang
Xu Dong Zhang
Yang Zhang
Yanjin Zhang
Yi Zhang
Ying-Dong Zhang
Yingmei Zhang
Yuan-Yuan Zhang
Yuchen Zhang
Zhe Zhang
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Zhibing Zhang
Zhihai Zhang
Zhiyong Zhang
Zili Zhang
Haobin Zhao
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Shuang Zhao
Tongbiao Zhao
Xiao-Fan Zhao
Ying Zhao
Yongchao Zhao
Yongliang Zhao
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Ling Zheng
Shizhong Zheng
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Gang Zhou
Hao Zhou
Hong Zhou
Hongbo Zhou
Jie Zhou
Jing Zhou
Jing Zhou
Jiyong Zhou
Kailiang Zhou
Rongjia Zhou
Xu-Jie Zhou
Yanshuang Zhou
Yinghong Zhou
Yubin Zhou
Zheng-Yu Zhou
Zhou Zhou
Binglin Zhu
Changlian Zhu
Guo-Qing Zhu
Haining Zhu
Hongxin Zhu
Hua Zhu
Wei-Guo Zhu
Yanping Zhu
Yushan Zhu
Haixia Zhuang
Xiaohong Zhuang
Katarzyna Zientara-Rytter
Christine M Zimmermann
Elena Ziviani
Teresa Zoladek
Wei-Xing Zong
Dmitry B Zorov
Antonio Zorzano
Weiping Zou
Zhen Zou
Zhengzhi Zou
Steven Zuryn
Werner Zwerschke
Beate Brand-Saberi
X Charlie Dong
Chandra Shekar Kenchappa
Zuguo Li
Yong Lin
Shigeru Oshima
Yueguang Rong
Judith C Sluimer
Christina L Stallings
Chun-Kit Tong
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Publication Date: 25/03/2021
Identifiers: 99844029902346
Academic Unit: School of Biosciences
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)1

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