Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Christopher J. L. Murray; Aleksandr Y. Aravkin; Peng Zheng; Cristiana Abbafati; Kaja M. Abbas; Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari; Foad Abd-Allah; Ahmed Abdelalim; Mohammad Abdollahi; Ibrahim Abdollahpour; Kedir Hussein Abegaz; Hassan Abolhassani; Victor Aboyans; Lucas Guimaraes Abreu; Michael R. M. Abrigo; Ahmed Abualhasan; Laith Jamal Abu-Raddad; Abdelrahman I. Abushouk; Maryam Adabi; Victor Adekanmbi; Abiodun Moshood Adeoye; Olatunji O. Adetokunboh; Davoud Adham; Shailesh M. Advani; Gina Agarwal; Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir; Anurag Agrawal; Tauseef Ahmad; Keivan Ahmadi; Mehdi Ahmadi; Hamid Ahmadieh; Muktar Beshir Ahmed; Temesgen Yihunie Akalu; Rufus Olusola Akinyemi; Tomi Akinyemiju; Blessing Akombi; Chisom Joyqueenet Akunna; Fares Alahdab; Ziyad Al-Aly; Khurshid Alam; Samiah Alam; Tahiya Alam; Fahad Mashhour Alanezi; Turki M. Alanzi; Biresaw Wassihun Alemu; Khalid F. Alhabib; Muhammad Ali; Saqib Ali; Gianfranco Alicandro; Cyrus Alinia; Vahid Alipour; Hesam Alizade; Syed Mohamed Aljunid; Francois Alla; Peter Allebeck; Amir Almasi-Hashiani; Hesham M. Al-Mekhlafi; Jordi Alonso; Khalid A. Altirkawi; Mostafa Amini-Rarani; Fatemeh Amiri; Dickson A. Amugsi; Robert Ancuceanu; Deanna Anderlini; Jason A. Anderson; Catalina Liliana Andrei; Tudorel Andrei; Colin Angus; Mina Anjomshoa; Fereshteh Ansari; Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam; Ippazio Cosimo Antonazzo; Carl Abelardo T. Antonio; Catherine M. Antony; Ernoiz Antriyandarti; Davood Anvari; Razique Anwer; Seth Christopher Yaw Appiah; Jalal Arabloo; Morteza Arab-Zozani; Filippo Ariani; Bahram Armoon; Johan Arnlov; Afsaneh Arzani; Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi; Ali A. Asadi-Pooya; Charlie Ashbaugh; Michael Assmus; Zahra Atafar; Desta Debalkie Atnafu; Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atout; Floriane Ausloos; Marcel Ausloos; Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla; Getinet Ayano; Martin Amogre Ayanore; Samad Azari; Ghasem Azarian; Zelalem Nigussie Azene; Alaa Badawi; Ashish D. Badiye; Mohammad Amin Bahrami; Mohammad Hossein Bakhshaei; Ahad Bakhtiari; Shankar M. Bakkannavar; Alberto Baldasseroni; Kylie Ball; Shoshana H. Ballew; Daniela Balzi; Maciej Banach; Srikanta K. Banerjee; Agegnehu Bante Bante; Adhanom Gebreegziabher Baraki; Suzanne Lyn Barker-Collo; Till Winfried Barnighausen; Lope H. Barrero; Celine M. Barthelemy; Lingkan Barua; Sanjay Basu; Bernhard T. Baune; Mohsen Bayati; Jacob S. Becker; Neeraj Bedi; Ettore Beghi; Yannick Bejot; Michelle L. Bell; Fiona B. Bennitt; Isabela M. Bensenor; Kidanemaryam Berhe; Adam E. Berman; Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula; Reshmi Bhageerathy; Neeraj Bhala; Dinesh Bhandari; Krittika Bhattacharyya; Zulfiqar A. Bhutta; Ali Bijani; Boris Bikbov; Muhammad Shahdaat Bin Sayeed; Antonio Biondi; Binyam Minuye Birihane; Catherine Bisignano; Raaj Kishore Biswas; Helen Bitew; Somayeh Bohlouli; Mehdi Bohluli; Alexandra S. Boon-Dooley; Guilherme Borges; Antonio Maria Borzi; Shiva Borzouei; Cristina Bosetti; Soufiane Boufous; Dejana Braithwaite; Nicholas J. K. Breitborde; Susanne Breitner; Hermann Brenner; Paul Svitil Briant; Andrey Nikolaevich Briko; Nikolay Ivanovich Briko; Gabrielle B. Britton; Dana Bryazka; Blair R. Bumgarner; Katrin Burkart; Richard Thomas Burnett; Sharath Burugina Nagaraja; Zahid A. Butt; Florentino Luciano Caetano dos Santos; Leah E. Cahill; Luis Alberto Camera; Ismael R. Campos-Nonato; Rosario Cardenas; Giulia Carreras; Juan J. Carrero; Felix Carvalho; Joao Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia; Carlos A. Castaneda-Orjuela; Giulio Castelpietra; Franz Castro; Kate Causey; Christopher R. Cederroth; Kelly M. Cercy; Ester Cerin; Joht Singh Chandan; Kai-Lan Chang; Fiona J. Charlson; Vijay Kumar Chattu; Sarika Chaturvedi; Nicolas Cherbuin; Odgerel Chimed-Ochir; Daniel Youngwhan Cho; Jee-Young Jasmine Choi; Hanne Christensen; Dinh-Toi Chu; Michael T. Chung; Sheng-Chia Chung; Flavia M. Cicuttini; Liliana G. Ciobanu; Massimo Cirillo; Thomas Khaled Dwayne Classen; Aaron J. Cohen; Kelly Compton; Owen R. Cooper; Vera Marisa Costa; Ewerton Cousin; Richard G. Cowden; Di H. Cross; Jessica A. Cruz; Saad M. A. Dahlawi; Albertino Antonio Moura Damasceno; Giovanni Damiani; Lalit Dandona; Rakhi Dandona; William James Dangel; Anna-Karin Danielsson; Paul I. Dargan; Aso Mohammad Darwesh; Ahmad Daryani; Jai K. Das; Rajat Das Gupta; Jose Das Neves; Claudio Alberto Davila-Cervantes; Dragos Virgil Davitoiu; Diego De Leo; Louisa Degenhardt; Marissa DeLang; Robert Paul Dellavalle; Feleke Mekonnen Demeke; Gebre Teklemariam Demoz; Desalegn Getnet Demsie; Edgar Denova-Gutierrez; Nikolaos Dervenis; Govinda Prasad Dhungana; Mostafa Dianatinasab; Diana Dias da Silva; Daniel Diaz; Zahra Sadat Dibaji Forooshani; Shirin Djalalinia; Hoa Thi Do; Klara Dokova; Fariba Dorostkar; Leila Doshmangir; Tim Robert Driscoll; Bruce B. Duncan; Andre Rodrigues Duraes; Arielle Wilder Eagan; David Edvardsson; Nevine El Nahas; Iman El Sayed; Maha El Tantawi; Iffat Elbarazi; Islam Y. Elgendy; Shaimaa I. El-Jaafary; Iqbal R. F. Elyazar; Sophia Emmons-Bell; Holly E. Erskine; Sharareh Eskandarieh; Saman Esmaeilnejad; Alireza Esteghamati; Kara Estep; Arash Etemadi; Atkilt Esaiyas Etisso; Jessica Fanzo; Mohammad Farahmand; Mohammad Fareed; Roghiyeh Faridnia; Andrea Farioli; Andre Faro; Mithila Faruque; Farshad Farzadfar; Nazir Fattahi; Mehdi Fazlzadeh; Valery L. Feigin; Rachel Feldman; Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad; Eduarda Fernandes; Giannina Ferrara; Alize J. Ferrari; Manuela L. Ferreira; Irina Filip; Florian Fischer; James L. Fisher; Luisa Sorio Flor; Nataliya A. Foigt; Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan; Artem Alekseevich Fomenkov; Lisa M. Force; Masoud Foroutan; Richard Charles Franklin; Marisa Freitas; Weijia Fu; Takeshi Fukumoto; Joao M. Furtado; Mohamed M. Gad; Emmanuela Gakidou; Silvano Gallus; Alberto L. Garcia-Basteiro; William M. Gardner; Biniyam Sahiledengle Geberemariyam; Assefa Ayalew Ayalew Ayalew Gebreslassie; Abraham Geremew; Anna Gershberg Hayoon; Peter W. Gething; Maryam Ghadimi; Keyghobad Ghadiri; Fatemeh Ghaffarifar; Mansour Ghafourifard; Farhad Ghamari; Ahmad Ghashghaee; Hesam Ghiasvand; Nermin Ghith; Asadollah Gholamian; Rakesh Ghosh; Paramjit Singh Gill; Themba G. Ginindza; Giorgia Giussani; Elena V. Gnedovskaya; Salime Goharinezhad; Sameer Vali Gopalani; Giuseppe Gorini; Houman Goudarzi; Alessandra C. Goulart; Felix Greaves; Michal Grivna; Giuseppe Grosso; Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari; Harish Chander Gugnani; Rafael Alves Guimaraes; Rashid Abdi Guled; Gaorui Guo; Yuming Guo; Rajeev Gupta; Tarun Gupta; Beatrix Haddock; Nima Hafezi-Nejad; Abdul Hafiz; Arvin Haj-Mirzaian; Arya Haj-Mirzaian; Brian J. Hall; Iman Halvaei; Randah R. Hamadeh; Samer Hamidi; Melanie S. Hammer; Graeme J. Hankey; Hamidreza Haririan; Josep Maria Haro; Ahmed I. Hasaballah; Md Mehedi Hasan; Edris Hasanpoor; Abdiwahab Hashi; Soheil Hassanipour; Hadi Hassankhani; Rasmus J. Havmoeller; Simon I. Hay; Khezar Hayat; Golnaz Heidari; Reza Heidari-Soureshjani; Hannah J. Henrikson; Molly E. Herbert; Claudiu Herteliu; Fatemeh Heydarpour; Thomas R. Hird; Hans W. Hoek; Ramesh Holla; Praveen Hoogar; H. Dean Hosgood; Naznin Hossain; Mostafa Hosseini; Mehdi Hosseinzadeh; Mihaela Hostiuc; Sorin Hostiuc; Mowafa Househ; Mohamed Hsairi; Vivian Chia-Rong Hsieh; Guoqing Hu; Kejia Hu; Tanvir M. Huda; Ayesha Humayun; Chantal K. Huynh; Bing-Fang Hwang; Vincent C. Iannucci; Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye; Nayu Ikeda; Kevin S. Ikuta; Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi; Irena M. Ilic; Milena D. Ilic; Leeberk Raja Inbaraj; Helen Ippolito; Usman Iqbal; Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani; Caleb Mackay Salpeter Irvine; M. Mofizul Islam; Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam; Hiroyasu Iso; Rebecca Q. Ivers; Chidozie C. D. Iwu; Chinwe Juliana Iwu; Ihoghosa Osamuyi Iyamu; Jalil Jaafari; Kathryn H. Jacobsen; Hussain Jafari; Morteza Jafarinia; Mohammad Ali Jahani; Mihajlo Jakovljevic; Farzad Jalilian; Spencer L. 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Stanaway; Caroline Stein; Dan J. Stein; Caitlyn Steiner; Leo Stockfelt; Mark A. Stokes; Kurt Straif; Jacob L. Stubbs; Mu'awiyyah Babale Sufiyan; Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria; Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader; Gerhard Sulo; Iyad Sultan; Lukasz Szumowski; Rafael Tabares-Seisdedos; Karen M. Tabb; Takahiro Tabuchi; Amir Taherkhani; Masih Tajdini; Ken Takahashi; Jukka S. Takala; Animut Tagele Tamiru; Nuno Taveira; Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi; Mohamad-Hani Temsah; Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema; Zemenu Tadesse Tessema; George D. Thurston; Mariya Vladimirovna Titova; Hamid Reza Tohidinik; Marcello Tonelli; Roman Topor-Madry; Fotis Topouzis; Anna E. Torre; Mathilde Touvier; Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone; Bach Xuan Tran; Ravensara Travillian; Aristidis Tsatsakis; Lorainne Tudor Car; Stefanos Tyrovolas; Riaz Uddin; Chukwuma David Umeokonkwo; Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan; Era Upadhyay; Marco Vacante; Pascual R. Valdez; Aaron Van Donkelaar; Tommi Juhani Vasankari; Yasser Vasseghian; Yousef Veisani; Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian; Francesco S. Violante; Vasily Vlassov; Stein Emil Vollset; Theo Vos; Rade Vukovic; Yasir Waheed; Mitchell Taylor Wallin; Yafeng Wang; Yuan-Pang Wang; Alexandrea Watson; Jingkai Wei; Melissa Y. Wei Wei; Robert G. Weintraub; Jordan Weiss; Andrea Werdecker; Ronny Westerman; Joanna L. Whisnant; Harvey A. Whiteford; Kirsten E. Wiens; Charles D. A. Wolfe; Sarah S. Wozniak; Ai-Min Wu; Junjie Wu; Sarah Wulf Hanson; Gelin Xu; Rixing Xu; Simon Yadgir; Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari; Kazumasa Yamagishi; Mousa Yaminfirooz; Yuichiro Yano; Sanni Yaya; Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi; Tomas Y. Yeheyis; Christopher Sabo Yilgwan; Mekdes Tigistu Yilma; Paul Yip; Naohiro Yonemoto; Mustafa Z. Younis; Theodore Patrick Younker; Bahman Yousefi; Zabihollah Yousefi; Taraneh Yousefinezhadi; Abdilahi Yousuf Yousuf; Chuanhua Yu; Hasan Yusefzadeh; Telma Zahirian Moghadam; Mohammad Zamani; Maryam Zamanian; Hamed Zandian; Mikhail Sergeevich Zastrozhin; Yunquan Zhang; Zhi-Jiang Zhang; Jeff T. Zhao; Xiu-Ju George Zhao; Yingxi Zhao; Maigeng Zhou; Arash Ziapour; Stephanie R. M. Zimsen; Michael Brauer; Ashkan Afshin; Stephen S. Lim; GBD 2019 Risk Factors

doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30752-2

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Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Christopher J. L. Murray, Aleksandr Y. Aravkin, Peng Zheng, Cristiana Abbafati, Kaja M. Abbas, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Foad Abd-Allah, Ahmed Abdelalim, Mohammad Abdollahi, Ibrahim Abdollahpour, …

The Lancet (British edition), Vol.396(10258), pp.1223-1249

23/10/2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30752-2

PMID: 33069327

Abstract

General & Internal Medicine

Life Sciences & Biomedicine

Medicine, General & Internal

Science & Technology

Background Rigorous analysis of levels and trends in exposure to leading risk factors and quantification of their effect on human health are important to identify where public health is making progress and in which cases current efforts are inadequate. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a standardised and comprehensive assessment of the magnitude of risk factor exposure, relative risk, and attributable burden of disease. Methods GBD 2019 estimated attributable mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years of life lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 87 risk factors and combinations of risk factors, at the global level, regionally, and for 204 countries and territories. GBD uses a hierarchical list of risk factors so that specific risk factors (eg, sodium intake), and related aggregates (eg, diet quality), are both evaluated. This method has six analytical steps. (1) We included 560 risk-outcome pairs that met criteria for convincing or probable evidence on the basis of research studies. 12 risk-outcome pairs included in GBD 2017 no longer met inclusion criteria and 47 risk-outcome pairs for risks already included in GBD 2017 were added based on new evidence. (2) Relative risks were estimated as a function of exposure based on published systematic reviews, 81 systematic reviews done for GBD 2019, and meta-regression. (3) Levels of exposure in each age-sex-location-year included in the study were estimated based on all available data sources using spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression, DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression method, or alternative methods. (4) We determined, from published trials or cohort studies, the level of exposure associated with minimum risk, called the theoretical minimum risk exposure level. (5) Attributable deaths, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs were computed by multiplying population attributable fractions (PAFs) by the relevant outcome quantity for each age-sex-location-year. (6) PAFs and attributable burden for combinations of risk factors were estimated taking into account mediation of different risk factors through other risk factors. Across all six analytical steps, 30 652 distinct data sources were used in the analysis. Uncertainty in each step of the analysis was propagated into the final estimates of attributable burden. Exposure levels for dichotomous, polytomous, and continuous risk factors were summarised with use of the summary exposure value to facilitate comparisons over time, across location, and across risks. Because the entire time series from 1990 to 2019 has been re-estimated with use of consistent data and methods, these results supersede previously published GBD estimates of attributable burden. Findings The largest declines in risk exposure from 2010 to 2019 were among a set of risks that are strongly linked to social and economic development, including household air pollution; unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing; and child growth failure. Global declines also occurred for tobacco smoking and lead exposure. The largest increases in risk exposure were for ambient particulate matter pollution, drug use, high fasting plasma glucose, and high body-mass index. In 2019, the leading Level 2 risk factor globally for attributable deaths was high systolic blood pressure, which accounted for 10.8 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 9.51-12.1) deaths (19.2% [16.9-21.3] of all deaths in 2019), followed by tobacco (smoked, second-hand, and chewing), which accounted for 8.71 million (8.12-9.31) deaths (15.4% [14.6-16.2] of all deaths in 2019). The leading Level 2 risk factor for attributable DALYs globally in 2019 was child and maternal malnutrition, which largely affects health in the youngest age groups and accounted for 295 million (253-350) DALYs (11.6% [10.3-13.1] of all global DALYs that year). The risk factor burden varied considerably in 2019 between age groups and locations. Among children aged 0-9 years, the three leading detailed risk factors for attributable DALYs were all related to malnutrition. Iron deficiency was the leading risk factor for those aged 10-24 years, alcohol use for those aged 25-49 years, and high systolic blood pressure for those aged 50-74 years and 75 years and older. Interpretation Overall, the record for reducing exposure to harmful risks over the past three decades is poor. Success with reducing smoking and lead exposure through regulatory policy might point the way for a stronger role for public policy on other risks in addition to continued efforts to provide information on risk factor harm to the general public. Copyright (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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Title: Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Creators: Christopher J. L. Murray - University of Washington
Aleksandr Y. Aravkin - University of Washington
Peng Zheng - University of Washington
Cristiana Abbafati - Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Jurid & Econ Studies, Rome, Italy
Kaja M. Abbas - Supreme Council Of Health
Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari - Shahid Beheshti University
Foad Abd-Allah - Cairo University
Ahmed Abdelalim - Cairo University
Mohammad Abdollahi - University of Tehran
Ibrahim Abdollahpour - College Station Medical Center
Kedir Hussein Abegaz - Near East University
Hassan Abolhassani - University of Tehran
Victor Aboyans - Dupuytren Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Limoges, France
Lucas Guimaraes Abreu - Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Pediat Dent, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Michael R. M. Abrigo - Philippine Inst Dev Studies, Dept Res, Quezon City, Philippines
Ahmed Abualhasan - Cairo University
Laith Jamal Abu-Raddad - College Station Medical Center
Abdelrahman I. Abushouk - Harvard University
Maryam Adabi - College Station Medical Center
Victor Adekanmbi - Cardiff University
Abiodun Moshood Adeoye - Supreme Council Of Health
Olatunji O. Adetokunboh - Stellenbosch University
Davoud Adham - Supreme Council Of Health
Shailesh M. Advani - NIH, Social Behav Res Branch, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
Gina Agarwal - McMaster University
Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir - University of Tehran
Anurag Agrawal - CSIR, Inst Genom & Integrat Biol, Delhi, India
Tauseef Ahmad - Southeast University
Keivan Ahmadi - University of Nottingham
Mehdi Ahmadi - College Station Medical Center
Hamid Ahmadieh - Shahid Beheshti University
Muktar Beshir Ahmed - Jimma University
Temesgen Yihunie Akalu - University of Gondar
Rufus Olusola Akinyemi - University of Ibadan
Tomi Akinyemiju - Duke University
Blessing Akombi - UNSW Sydney
Chisom Joyqueenet Akunna - Intercountry Ctr Oral Hlth ICOH Africa, Dept Publ Hlth, Jos, Nigeria
Fares Alahdab - College Station Medical Center
Ziyad Al-Aly - College Station Medical Center
Khurshid Alam - Murdoch University
Samiah Alam - Dalhousie University
Tahiya Alam - University of Washington
Fahad Mashhour Alanezi - Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Turki M. Alanzi - Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Biresaw Wassihun Alemu - Arba Minch University
Khalid F. Alhabib - King Saud University
Muhammad Ali - Quaid-i-Azam University
Saqib Ali - Sultan Qaboos University
Gianfranco Alicandro - Italian Natl Inst Stat, Directorate Social Stat & Populat Census, Rome, Italy
Cyrus Alinia - Urmia University
Vahid Alipour - College Station Medical Center
Hesam Alizade - Hormozgan University
Syed Mohamed Aljunid - Kuwait University
Francois Alla - Université de Bordeaux
Peter Allebeck - Karolinska Institutet
Amir Almasi-Hashiani - Arak University
Hesham M. Al-Mekhlafi - Jazan University
Jordi Alonso - Pompeu Fabra University
Khalid A. Altirkawi - King Saud University
Mostafa Amini-Rarani - College Station Medical Center
Fatemeh Amiri - College Station Medical Center
Dickson A. Amugsi - African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr, Maternal & Child Wellbeing, Nairobi, Kenya
Robert Ancuceanu - College Station Medical Center
Deanna Anderlini - University of Queensland
Jason A. Anderson - University of Washington
Catalina Liliana Andrei - College Station Medical Center
Tudorel Andrei - Bucharest Univ Econ Studies, Dept Stat & Econometr, Bucharest, Romania
Colin Angus - University of Sheffield
Mina Anjomshoa - College Station Medical Center
Fereshteh Ansari - Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Res Ctr Evidence Based Med, Tabriz, Iran
Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam - Biostat
Ippazio Cosimo Antonazzo - University of Milano-Bicocca
Carl Abelardo T. Antonio - University of the Philippines Manila
Catherine M. Antony - University of Washington
Ernoiz Antriyandarti - Sebelas Maret University
Davood Anvari - College Station Medical Center
Razique Anwer - Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic Univ, Dept Pathol, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Seth Christopher Yaw Appiah - Kwame Nkrumah University
Jalal Arabloo - College Station Medical Center
Morteza Arab-Zozani - College Station Medical Center
Filippo Ariani - Florence
Bahram Armoon - College Station Medical Center
Johan Arnlov - Karolinska Institutet
Afsaneh Arzani - Supreme Council Of Health
Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi - College Station Medical Center
Ali A. Asadi-Pooya - Shiraz University
Charlie Ashbaugh - University of Washington
Michael Assmus - University of Washington
Zahra Atafar - College Station Medical Center
Desta Debalkie Atnafu - Bahir Dar University
Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atout - Philadelphia Univ, Fac Nursing, Amman, Jordan
Floriane Ausloos - University of Liège
Marcel Ausloos - Bucharest Univ Econ Studies, Dept Stat & Econometr, Bucharest, Romania
Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla - La Trobe University
Getinet Ayano - Curtin University
Martin Amogre Ayanore - Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Hlth Policy Planning & Management, Ho, Ghana
Samad Azari - College Station Medical Center
Ghasem Azarian - College Station Medical Center
Zelalem Nigussie Azene - University of Gondar
Alaa Badawi - Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Publ Hlth Risk Sci Div, Toronto, ON, Canada
Ashish D. Badiye - Govt Inst Forens Sci, Dept Forens Sci, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Mohammad Amin Bahrami - Shiraz University
Mohammad Hossein Bakhshaei - College Station Medical Center
Ahad Bakhtiari - University of Tehran
Shankar M. Bakkannavar - College Station Medical Center
Alberto Baldasseroni - Florence
Kylie Ball - Deakin University
Shoshana H. Ballew - Johns Hopkins University
Daniela Balzi - Florence
Maciej Banach - College Station Medical Center
Srikanta K. Banerjee - Walden University
Agegnehu Bante Bante - Arba Minch University
Adhanom Gebreegziabher Baraki - University of Gondar
Suzanne Lyn Barker-Collo - University of Auckland
Till Winfried Barnighausen - Harvard University
Lope H. Barrero - Pontifical Javeriana Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Bogota, Colombia
Celine M. Barthelemy - University of Washington
Lingkan Barua - Bangladesh University
Sanjay Basu - Harvard University
Bernhard T. Baune - University of Münster
Mohsen Bayati - Shiraz University
Jacob S. Becker - Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA
Neeraj Bedi - Jazan University
Ettore Beghi - Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Dept Neurosci, Milan, Italy
Yannick Bejot - Univ Hosp Dijon, Dept Neurol, Dijon, France
Michelle L. Bell - Yale University
Fiona B. Bennitt - University of Washington
Isabela M. Bensenor - University of Sao Paulo
Kidanemaryam Berhe - Mekelle University
Adam E. Berman - Augusta University
Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula - United Arab Emirates University
Reshmi Bhageerathy - Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Hlth Informat Management, Mangalore, India
Neeraj Bhala - Queen Elizabeth Hosp Birmingham, Inst Appl Hlth Res, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
Dinesh Bhandari - University of Adelaide
Krittika Bhattacharyya - Natl Inst Biomed Genom, Dept Stat & Computat Genom, Kalyani, W Bengal, India
Zulfiqar A. Bhutta - University of Toronto
Ali Bijani - College Station Medical Center
Boris Bikbov - Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Milan, Italy
Muhammad Shahdaat Bin Sayeed - ACT
Antonio Biondi - University of Catania
Binyam Minuye Birihane - Ethiopian Publ Hlth Inst, Adis Ababa, Ethiopia
Catherine Bisignano - University of Washington
Raaj Kishore Biswas - UNSW Sydney
Helen Bitew - Mekelle University
Somayeh Bohlouli - Islamic Azad Univ, Dept Vet Med, Kermanshah, Iran
Mehdi Bohluli - Inst Adv Studies Basic Sci, Dept Comp Sci & Informat Technol, Zanjan, Iran
Alexandra S. Boon-Dooley - University of Washington
Guilherme Borges - Ramon de la Fuente Muniz Natl Inst Psychiat, Dept Epidemiol & Psychosocial Res, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Antonio Maria Borzi - University of Catania
Shiva Borzouei - College Station Medical Center
Cristina Bosetti - Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Dept Oncol, Milan, Italy
Soufiane Boufous - UNSW Sydney
Dejana Braithwaite - Georgetown University
Nicholas J. K. Breitborde - The Ohio State University
Susanne Breitner - Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
Hermann Brenner - Heidelberg
Paul Svitil Briant - University of Washington
Andrey Nikolaevich Briko - Bauman Moscow State Tech Univ, Dept Biomed Technol, Moscow, Russia
Nikolay Ivanovich Briko - Evidence
Gabrielle B. Britton - Inst Sci Res & High Technol Serv, Neurosci Unit, Panama City, Panama
Dana Bryazka - University of Washington
Blair R. Bumgarner - University of Washington
Katrin Burkart - University of Washington
Richard Thomas Burnett - Hlth Canada, Populat Studies Div, Ottawa, ON, Canada
Sharath Burugina Nagaraja - College Station Medical Center
Zahid A. Butt - University of Waterloo
Florentino Luciano Caetano dos Santos - Supreme Council Of Health
Leah E. Cahill - Harvard University
Luis Alberto Camera - College Station Medical Center
Ismael R. Campos-Nonato - Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Hlth & Nutr Res Ctr, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
Rosario Cardenas - Metropolitan Autonomous Univ, Dept Hlth Care, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Giulia Carreras - Florence
Juan J. Carrero - Karolinska Institutet
Felix Carvalho - Universidade do Porto
Joao Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia - University of Sao Paulo
Carlos A. Castaneda-Orjuela - Natl Inst Hlth, Colombian Natl Hlth Observ, Bogota, Colombia
Giulio Castelpietra - University of Udine
Franz Castro - Mécanique et Engrenage Moderne
Kate Causey - University of Washington
Christopher R. Cederroth - Karolinska Institutet
Kelly M. Cercy - University of Washington
Ester Cerin - Australian Catholic University
Joht Singh Chandan - University of Birmingham
Kai-Lan Chang - Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Fiona J. Charlson - University of Washington
Vijay Kumar Chattu - University of Toronto
Sarika Chaturvedi - DY Patil Univ, Res Dept, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Nicolas Cherbuin - Supreme Council Of Health
Odgerel Chimed-Ochir - Univ Occupat & Environm Hlth, Inst Ind Ecol Sci, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
Daniel Youngwhan Cho - University of Washington
Jee-Young Jasmine Choi - Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Biomed Informat, Seoul, South Korea
Hanne Christensen - University of Copenhagen
Dinh-Toi Chu - Hanoi Natl Univ Educ, Fac Biol, Hanoi, Vietnam
Michael T. Chung - Wayne State University
Sheng-Chia Chung - UCL, Dept Hlth Informat, London, England
Flavia M. Cicuttini - Monash University
Liliana G. Ciobanu - University of South Australia
Massimo Cirillo - University of Naples Federico II
Thomas Khaled Dwayne Classen - Quest University Canada
Aaron J. Cohen - University of Washington
Kelly Compton - University of Washington
Owen R. Cooper - Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Vera Marisa Costa - Universidade do Porto
Ewerton Cousin - Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
Richard G. Cowden - University of the Free State
Di H. Cross - NIH, Off Director, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
Jessica A. Cruz - University of Washington
Saad M. A. Dahlawi - Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Albertino Antonio Moura Damasceno - Eduardo Mondlane University
Giovanni Damiani - University of Milan
Lalit Dandona - University of Washington
Rakhi Dandona - University of Washington
William James Dangel - University of Washington
Anna-Karin Danielsson - Karolinska Institutet
Paul I. Dargan - College Station Medical Center
Aso Mohammad Darwesh - Univ Human Dev, Dept Informat Technol, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Ahmad Daryani - College Station Medical Center
Jai K. Das - Aga Khan Univ, Div Women & Child Hlth, Karachi, Pakistan
Rajat Das Gupta - University of South Carolina
Jose Das Neves - Universidade do Porto
Claudio Alberto Davila-Cervantes - Latin Amer Fac Social Sci Mexico, Dept Populat & Dev, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Dragos Virgil Davitoiu - College Station Medical Center
Diego De Leo - Griffith University
Louisa Degenhardt - University of Washington
Marissa DeLang - Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA
Robert Paul Dellavalle - Dept Vet Affairs, Dermatol Serv, St Louis, MO USA
Feleke Mekonnen Demeke - Bahir Dar University
Gebre Teklemariam Demoz - Aksum University
Desalegn Getnet Demsie - Adigrat Univ, Dept Pharm, Adigrat, Ethiopia
Edgar Denova-Gutierrez - Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Ctr Nutr & Hlth Res, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
Nikolaos Dervenis - Royal Liverpool Univ Hosp, St Pauls Eye Unit, Liverpool, Merseyside, England
Govinda Prasad Dhungana - Far-western University
Mostafa Dianatinasab - Shiraz University
Diana Dias da Silva - Universidade do Porto
Daniel Diaz - Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Complex Sci, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Zahra Sadat Dibaji Forooshani - University of Tehran
Shirin Djalalinia - College Station Medical Center
Hoa Thi Do - Trường ĐH Nguyễn Tất Thành
Klara Dokova - College Station Medical Center
Fariba Dorostkar - College Station Medical Center
Leila Doshmangir - College Station Medical Center
Tim Robert Driscoll - University of Sydney
Bruce B. Duncan - Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
Andre Rodrigues Duraes - Supreme Council Of Health
Arielle Wilder Eagan - Harvard University
David Edvardsson - La Trobe University
Nevine El Nahas - Ain Shams University
Iman El Sayed - Alexandria University
Maha El Tantawi - Alexandria University
Iffat Elbarazi - Abu Dhabi University
Islam Y. Elgendy - Harvard University
Shaimaa I. El-Jaafary - Cairo University
Iqbal R. F. Elyazar - Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology
Sophia Emmons-Bell - University of Washington
Holly E. Erskine - University of Queensland
Sharareh Eskandarieh - University of Tehran
Saman Esmaeilnejad - Islamic Azad Univ, Tehran Med Sci Branch, Kermanshah, Iran
Alireza Esteghamati - University of Tehran
Kara Estep - University of Washington
Arash Etemadi - NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
Atkilt Esaiyas Etisso - Hawassa University
Jessica Fanzo - Johns Hopkins University
Mohammad Farahmand - University of Tehran
Mohammad Fareed - Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic Univ, Coll Med, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Roghiyeh Faridnia - College Station Medical Center
Andrea Farioli - University of Bologna
Andre Faro - Univ Fed Sergipe, Dept Psychol, Sao Cristovao, Brazil
Mithila Faruque - Bangladesh University
Farshad Farzadfar - University of Tehran
Nazir Fattahi - College Station Medical Center
Mehdi Fazlzadeh - University of Tehran
Valery L. Feigin - University of Washington
Rachel Feldman - University of Washington
Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad - Karolinska Institutet
Eduarda Fernandes - Universidade do Porto
Giannina Ferrara - University of Washington
Alize J. Ferrari - University of Washington
Manuela L. Ferreira - University of Sydney
Irina Filip - Kaiser Permanente
Florian Fischer - Ravensburg Weingarten Univ Appl Sci, Inst Gerontol Hlth Serv & Nursing Res, Weingarten, Germany
James L. Fisher - The Ohio State University
Luisa Sorio Flor - Supreme Council Of Health
Nataliya A. Foigt - College Station Medical Center
Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan - Obafemi Awolowo Univ, Dept Child Dent Hlth, Ife, Nigeria
Artem Alekseevich Fomenkov - Plant
Lisa M. Force - University of Washington
Masoud Foroutan - Supreme Council Of Health
Richard Charles Franklin - James Cook University
Marisa Freitas - Universidade do Porto
Weijia Fu - University of Washington
Takeshi Fukumoto - Kobe University
Joao M. Furtado - University of Sao Paulo
Mohamed M. Gad - Supreme Council Of Health
Emmanuela Gakidou - University of Washington
Silvano Gallus - Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Milan, Italy
Alberto L. Garcia-Basteiro - Manh Hlth Res Ctr CISM, Dept TB, Manhica, Mozambique
William M. Gardner - University of Washington
Biniyam Sahiledengle Geberemariyam - Madda Walabu Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Bale Robe, Ethiopia
Assefa Ayalew Ayalew Ayalew Gebreslassie - Mekelle University
Abraham Geremew - Haramaya University
Anna Gershberg Hayoon - University of Washington
Peter W. Gething - Curtin University
Maryam Ghadimi - Johns Hopkins University
Keyghobad Ghadiri - College Station Medical Center
Fatemeh Ghaffarifar - Tarbiat Modares University
Mansour Ghafourifard - College Station Medical Center
Farhad Ghamari - Arak University
Ahmad Ghashghaee - College Station Medical Center
Hesam Ghiasvand - University of Exeter
Nermin Ghith - Tech Univ Denmark, Res Grp Genom Epidemiol, Copenhagen, Denmark
Asadollah Gholamian - Islamic Azad Univ, Dept Biol, Kermanshah, Iran
Rakesh Ghosh - Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Global Hlth Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
Paramjit Singh Gill - University of Warwick
Themba G. Ginindza - University of KwaZulu-Natal
Giorgia Giussani - Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Lab Neurol Disorders, Milan, Italy
Elena V. Gnedovskaya - Res Ctr Neurol, Dept Neurol 3, Moscow, Russia
Salime Goharinezhad - College Station Medical Center
Sameer Vali Gopalani - University of Oklahoma
Giuseppe Gorini - Florence
Houman Goudarzi - Hokkaido University
Alessandra C. Goulart - University of Sao Paulo
Felix Greaves - Imperial Coll London, Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth, London, England
Michal Grivna - United Arab Emirates University
Giuseppe Grosso - University of Catania
Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari - College Station Medical Center
Harish Chander Gugnani - Supreme Council Of Health
Rafael Alves Guimaraes - Univ Fed Goias, Inst Trop Pathol & Publ Hlth IPTSP, Goiania, Go, Brazil
Rashid Abdi Guled - Jigjiga University
Gaorui Guo - University of Washington
Yuming Guo - Monash University
Rajeev Gupta - Mahatma Gandhi University
Tarun Gupta - Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
Beatrix Haddock - University of Washington
Nima Hafezi-Nejad - University of Tehran
Abdul Hafiz - Supreme Council Of Health
Arvin Haj-Mirzaian - Shahid Beheshti University
Arya Haj-Mirzaian - University of Washington
Brian J. Hall - University of Macau
Iman Halvaei - Tarbiat Modares University
Randah R. Hamadeh - Arabian Gulf University
Samer Hamidi - Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University
Melanie S. Hammer - Washington Univ, Dept Energy Environm & Chem Engn, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
Graeme J. Hankey - University of Western Australia
Hamidreza Haririan - College Station Medical Center
Josep Maria Haro - Universitat de Barcelona
Ahmed I. Hasaballah - Al Azhar Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, Cairo, Egypt
Md Mehedi Hasan - University of Queensland
Edris Hasanpoor - College Station Medical Center
Abdiwahab Hashi - Jigjiga University
Soheil Hassanipour - College Station Medical Center
Hadi Hassankhani - Supreme Council Of Health
Rasmus J. Havmoeller - Skaane Cty Council, Skaane Univ Hosp, Malmo, Sweden
Simon I. Hay - University of Washington
Khezar Hayat - Univ Vet & Anim Sci, Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Lahore, Pakistan
Golnaz Heidari - University of Washington
Reza Heidari-Soureshjani - University of Tehran
Hannah J. Henrikson - University of Washington
Molly E. Herbert - University of Washington
Claudiu Herteliu - Bucharest Univ Econ Studies, Dept Stat & Econometr, Bucharest, Romania
Fatemeh Heydarpour - College Station Medical Center
Thomas R. Hird - University of Bath
Hans W. Hoek - University of Groningen
Ramesh Holla - College Station Medical Center
Praveen Hoogar - BIO
H. Dean Hosgood - Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, Bronx, NY 10467 USA
Naznin Hossain - Bangladesh Ind Gases Ltd, Dept Pharmacol, Tangail, Bangladesh
Mostafa Hosseini - University of Tehran
Mehdi Hosseinzadeh - Univ Human Dev, Dept Comp Sci, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Mihaela Hostiuc - College Station Medical Center
Sorin Hostiuc - College Station Medical Center
Mowafa Househ - Hamad bin Khalifa University
Mohamed Hsairi - College Station Medical Center
Vivian Chia-Rong Hsieh - College Station Medical Center
Guoqing Hu - Cent South Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Hlth Stat, Changsha, Peoples R China
Kejia Hu - Zhejiang University
Tanvir M. Huda - University of Sydney
Ayesha Humayun - College Station Medical Center
Chantal K. Huynh - University of Washington
Bing-Fang Hwang - Supreme Council Of Health
Vincent C. Iannucci - University of Washington
Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye - University of Ibadan
Nayu Ikeda - Natl Inst Biomed Innovat Hlth & Nutr, Int Ctr Nutr & Informat, Tokyo, Japan
Kevin S. Ikuta - University of Washington
Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi - College Station Medical Center
Irena M. Ilic - University of Belgrade
Milena D. Ilic - University of Kragujevac
Leeberk Raja Inbaraj - College Station Medical Center
Helen Ippolito - University of Washington
Usman Iqbal - College Station Medical Center
Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani - Shahid Beheshti University
Caleb Mackay Salpeter Irvine - University of Washington
M. Mofizul Islam - College Station Medical Center
Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam - Deakin University
Hiroyasu Iso - Osaka University
Rebecca Q. Ivers - UNSW Sydney
Chidozie C. D. Iwu - Univ Ft Hare, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, Alice, South Africa
Chinwe Juliana Iwu - Stellenbosch University
Ihoghosa Osamuyi Iyamu - University of British Columbia
Jalil Jaafari - College Station Medical Center
Kathryn H. Jacobsen - George Mason University
Hussain Jafari - University of Washington
Morteza Jafarinia - College Station Medical Center
Mohammad Ali Jahani - College Station Medical Center
Mihajlo Jakovljevic - College Station Medical Center
Farzad Jalilian - College Station Medical Center
Spencer L. James - University of Washington
Hosna Janjani - University of Tehran
Tahereh Javaheri - Boston University
Javad Javidnia - College Station Medical Center
Panniyammakal Jeemon - College Station Medical Center
Ensiyeh Jenabi - College Station Medical Center
Ravi Prakash Jha - College Station Medical Center
Vivekanand Jha - UNSW Sydney
John S. Ji - Duke University
Lars Johansson - University of Washington
Oommen John - UNSW Sydney
Yetunde O. John-Akinola - University of Ibadan
Catherine Owens Johnson - University of Washington
Jost B. Jonas - Heidelberg University
Farahnaz Joukar - College Station Medical Center
Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak - College Station Medical Center
Mikk Jurisson - University of Tartu
Ali Kabir - College Station Medical Center
Zubair Kabir - Supreme Council Of Health
Hamed Kalani - University of Washington
Rizwan Kalani - University of Washington
Leila R. Kalankesh - College Station Medical Center
Rohollah Kalhor - College Station Medical Center
Tanuj Kanchan - College Station Medical Center
Neeti Kapoor - Govt Inst Forens Sci, Dept Forens Sci, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Behzad Karami Matin - College Station Medical Center
Andre Karch - University of Münster
Mohd Anisul Karim - University of Oxford
Getachew Mullu Kassa - Debre Markos University
Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi - University of Glasgow
Gbenga A. Kayode - Inst Human Virol Nigeria, Int Res Ctr Excellence, Abuja, Nigeria
Ali Kazemi Karyani - College Station Medical Center
Peter Njenga Keiyoro - University of Nairobi
Cathleen Keller - University of Washington
Laura Kemmer - University of Washington
Parkes J. Kendrick - University of Washington
Nauman Khalid - Supreme Council Of Health
Mohammad Khammarnia - College Station Medical Center
Ejaz Ahmad Khan - Biostat
Maseer Khan - Jazan University
Khaled Khatab - Sheffield Hallam University
Mona M. Khater - Cairo University
Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib - Datta Meghe Inst Med Sci, Global Evidence Synth Initiat, Wardha, India
Maryam Khayamzadeh - Shahid Beheshti University
Salman Khazaei - College Station Medical Center
Christian Kieling - Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Psychiat, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
Yun Jin Kim - Xiamen University Malaysia
Ruth W. Kimokoti - Simmons University
Adnan Kisa - Supreme Council Of Health
Sezer Kisa - Oslo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Nursing & Hlth Promot, Oslo, Norway
Mika Kivimaki - UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London, England
Luke D. Knibbs - University of Queensland
Ann Kristin Skrindo Knudsen - Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Ctr Dis Burden, Bergen, Norway
Jonathan M. Kocarnik - University of Washington
Sonali Kochhar - University of Washington
Jacek A. Kopec - University of British Columbia
Vladimir Andreevich Korshunov - IM Sechenov First Moscow State Med Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Evidence Based Med, Moscow, Russia
Parvaiz A. Koul - College Station Medical Center
Ai Koyanagi - Catalan Inst Res & Adv Studies ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
Moritz U. G. Kraemer - Harvard University
Kewal Krishan - Panjab University
Kris J. Krohn - University of Washington
Hans Kromhout - Univ Utrecht, Inst Risk Assessment Sci IRAS, Utrecht, Netherlands
Barthelemy Kuate Defo - Université de Montréal
G. Anil Kumar - University of Washington
Vivek Kumar - Harvard University
Om P. Kurmi - McMaster University
Dian Kusuma - Supreme Council Of Health
Carlo La Vecchia - University of Milan
Ben Lacey - University of Oxford
Dharmesh Kumar Lal - Publ Hlth Fdn India, Gurugram, India
Ratilal Lalloo - University of Queensland
Tea Lallukka - University of Helsinki
Faris Hasan Lami - University of Baghdad
Ivan Landires - College Station Medical Center
Justin J. Lang - Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Ctr Surveillance & Appl Res, Toronto, ON, Canada
Sinead M. Langan - Supreme Council Of Health
Anders O. Larsson - Uppsala University
Savita Lasrado - College Station Medical Center
Paolo Lauriola - CNR, Inst Clin Physiol, Padua, Italy
Jeffrey V. Lazarus - University of Washington
Paul H. Lee - Supreme Council Of Health
Shaun Wen Huey Lee - Monash University
Kate E. LeGrand - University of Washington
James Leigh - University of Sydney
Matilde Leonardi - Carlo Besta Neurol Inst IRCCS, Neurol Publ Hlth & Disabil Unit, Milan, Italy
Haley Lescinsky - University of Washington
Janni Leung - University of Queensland
Miriam Levi - Florence
Shanshan Li - Monash University
Lee-Ling Lim - Univ Malaya, Dept Med, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Shai Linn - University of Haifa
Shiwei Liu - Brown University
Simin Liu - University of Washington
Yang Liu - Emory University
Justin Lo - University of Washington
Alan D. Lopez - University of Washington
Jaifred Christian F. Lopez - University of the Philippines Manila
Platon D. Lopukhov - IM Sechenov First Moscow State Med Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Evidence Based Med, Moscow, Russia
Stefan Lorkowski - Friedrich Schiller University Jena
Paulo A. Lotufo - University of Sao Paulo
Alton Lu - University of Washington
Alessandra Lugo - Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Milan, Italy
Emilie R. Maddison - University of Washington
Phetole Walter Mahasha - College Station Medical Center
Mokhtar Mahdavi Mahdavi - College Station Medical Center
Morteza Mahmoudi - Michigan State University
Azeem Majeed - Imperial Coll London, Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth, London, England
Afshin Maleki - College Station Medical Center
Shokofeh Maleki - College Station Medical Center
Reza Malekzadeh - University of Tehran
Deborah Carvalho Malta - Federal Reserve
Abdullah A. Mamun - University of Queensland
Ana Laura Manda - College Station Medical Center
Helena Manguerra - University of Washington
Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei - College Station Medical Center
Borhan Mansouri - College Station Medical Center
Mohammad Ali Mansournia - University of Tehran
Ana M. Mantilla Herrera - University of Queensland
Joemer C. Maravilla - University of Queensland
Ashley Marks - University of Washington
Randall V. Martin - Dalhousie University
Santi Martini - Airlangga University
Francisco Rogerlandio Martins-Melo - Fed Inst Educ Sci & Technol, Campus Caucaia, Caucaia, Brazil
Anthony Masaka - Botho University
Seyedeh Zahra Masoumi - College Station Medical Center
Manu Raj Mathur - Publ Hlth Fdn India, Hlth Policy Res, Gurugram, India
Kunihiro Matsushita - Johns Hopkins University
Pallab K. Maulik - UNSW Sydney
Colm McAlinden - Singleton Hosp, Dept Ophthalmol, Swansea, W Glam, Wales
John J. McGrath - University of Queensland
Martin Mckee - Supreme Council Of Health
Man Mohan Mehndiratta - Janakpuri Super Specialty Hosp Soc, Dept Neurol, New Delhi, India
Fereshteh Mehri - College Station Medical Center
Kala M. Mehta - Biostat
Ziad A. Memish - Alfaisal University
Walter Mendoza - United Nations
Ritesh G. Menezes - Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Endalkachew Worku Mengesha - Bahir Dar University
Alibek Mereke - Alma
Seid Tiku Mereta - Jimma University
Atte Meretoja - University of Melbourne
Tuomo J. Meretoja - University of Helsinki
Tomislav Mestrovic - Zora Profoz Polyclin, Clin Microbiol & Parasitol Unit, Zagreb, Croatia
Bartosz Miazgowski - College Station Medical Center
Tomasz Miazgowski - College Station Medical Center
Irmina Maria Michalek - Vaud Univ Hosp Ctr, Dept Women Mother Child, Lausanne, Switzerland
Ted R. Miller - Curtin University
Edward J. Mills - McMaster University
G. K. Mini - Ananthapuri Hosp & Res Inst, Global Inst Publ Hlth, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
Mohammad Miri - College Station Medical Center
Andreea Mirica - Bucharest Univ Econ Studies, Dept Stat & Econometr, Bucharest, Romania
Erkin M. Mirrakhimov - College Station Medical Center
Hamed Mirzaei - College Station Medical Center
Maryam Mirzaei - College Station Medical Center
Roya Mirzaei - University of Tehran
Mehdi Mirzaei-Alavijeh - College Station Medical Center
Awoke Temesgen Misganaw - University of Washington
Prasanna Mithra - College Station Medical Center
Babak Moazen - Heidelberg University
Dara K. Mohammad - Karolinska Institutet
Yousef Mohammad - King Saud University
Naser Mohammad Gholi Mezerji - Biostat
Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani - Shahrekord University
Noushin Mohammadifard - College Station Medical Center
Reza Mohammadpourhodki - College Station Medical Center
Ammas Siraj Mohammed - Haramaya University
Hussen Mohammed - Dire Dawa University
Jemal Abdu Mohammed - Samara Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Samara, Ethiopia
Shafiu Mohammed - Heidelberg Univ, Heidelberg Inst Global Hlth HIGH, Heidelberg, Germany
Ali H. Mokdad - University of Washington
Mariam Molokhia - College Station Medical Center
Lorenzo Monasta - Burlo Garofolo Inst Maternal & Child Hlth, Clin Epidemiol & Publ Hlth Res Unit, Trieste, Italy
Meghan D. Mooney - University of Washington
Ghobad Moradi - Biostat
Masoud Moradi - College Station Medical Center
Maziar Moradi-Lakeh - College Station Medical Center
Rahmatollah Moradzadeh - Arak University
Paula Moraga - University of Bath
Lidia Morawska - Queensland University of Technology
Joana Morgado-da-Costa - Universidade do Porto
Shane Douglas Morrison - University of Washington
Abbas Mosapour - College Station Medical Center
Jonathan F. Mosser - University of Washington
Simin Mouodi - College Station Medical Center
Seyyed Meysam Mousavi - University of Tehran
Amin Mousavi Khaneghah - Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
Ulrich Otto Mueller - Ctr Populat & Hlth, Wiesbaden, Germany
Satinath Mukhopadhyay - Mécanique et Engrenage Moderne
Erin C. Mullany - University of Washington
Kamarul Imran Musa - Supreme Council Of Health
Saravanan Muthupandian - Mekelle University
Ashraf F. Nabhan - Ain Shams University
Mehdi Naderi - College Station Medical Center
Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan - Initiat Financing Hlth & Human Dev, Res & Analyt Dept, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Gabriele Nagel - College Station Medical Center
Mohsen Naghavi - University of Washington
Behshad Naghshtabrizi - College Station Medical Center
Mukhammad David Naimzada - Moscow Inst Phys & Technol, Lab Publ Hlth Indicators Anal & Hlth Digitalizat, Dolgoprudnyi, Russia
Farid Najafi - Biostat
Vinay Nangia - Suraj Eye Institute
Jobert Richie Nansseu - Minist Publ Hlth, Dept Control Dis Epidem & Pandem, Yaounde, Cameroon
Morteza Naserbakht - College Station Medical Center
Vinod C. Nayak - College Station Medical Center
Ionut Negoi - College Station Medical Center
Josephine W. Ngunjiri - University of Embu
Cuong Tat Nguyen - Duy Tan University
Huong Lan Thi Nguyen - Duy Tan University
Ming Nguyen - University of Washington
Yeshambel T. Nigatu - Bahir Dar University
Rajan Nikbakhsh - Shahid Beheshti University
Molly R. Nixon - University of Washington
Chukwudi A. Nnaji - College Station Medical Center
Shuhei Nomura - The University of Tokyo
Bo Norrving - Lund University
Jean Jacques Noubiap - University of Adelaide
Christoph Nowak - Karolinska Institutet
Virginia Nunez-Samudio - College Station Medical Center
Adrian O. Oiu - University of Washington
Bogdan Oancea - University of Bucharest
Christopher M. Odell - University of Washington
Felix Akpojene Ogbo - Western Sydney University
In-Hwan Oh - Kyung Hee University
Emmanuel Wandera Okunga - Response Biomedical
Morteza Oladnabi - Golestan University
Andrew T. Olagunju - McMaster University
Bolajoko Olubukunola Olusanya - Healthy Start
Jacob Olusegun Olusanya - Healthy Start
Muktar Omer Omer - Jigjiga University
Kanyin L. Ong - University of Washington
Obinna E. Onwujekwe - University of Nigeria, Nsukka
Heather M. Orpana - Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Subst Related Harms Div, Toronto, ON, Canada
Alberto Ortiz - Autonomous University of Madrid
Osayomwanbo Osarenotor - Univ Benin, Dept Environm Management & Toxicol, Benin, Nigeria
Frank B. Osei - University of Twente
Samuel M. Ostroff - University of Washington
Nikita Otstavnov - Moscow Inst Phys & Technol, Lab Publ Hlth Indicators Anal & Hlth Digitalizat, Dolgoprudnyi, Russia
Stanislav S. Otstavnov - Moscow Inst Phys & Technol, Lab Publ Hlth Indicators Anal & Hlth Digitalizat, Dolgoprudnyi, Russia
Simon Overland - University of Bergen
Mayowa O. Owolabi - College Station Medical Center
Mahesh P. A. Section - University of Washington
Jagadish Rao Padubidri - College Station Medical Center
Raffaele Palladino - Imperial Coll London, Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth, London, England
Songhomitra Panda-Jonas - Heidelberg Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Heidelberg, Germany
Anamika Pandey - Publ Hlth Fdn India, Dept Res, Gurugram, India
Charles D. H. Parry - Stellenbosch University
Maja Pasovic - University of Washington
Deepak Kumar Pasupula - University of Pittsburgh
Sangram Kishor Patel - Populat Council, Dept Poverty Gender & Youth, New Delhi, India
Mona Pathak - College Station Medical Center
Scott B. Patten - University of Calgary
George C. Patton - University of Melbourne
Hamidreza Pazoki Toroudi - College Station Medical Center
Amy E. Peden - UNSW Sydney
Alyssa Pennini - University of Washington
Veincent Christian Filipino Pepito - Ateneo de Manila University
Emmanuel K. Peprah - Supreme Council Of Health
David M. Pereira - Universidade do Porto
Konrad Pesudovs - UNSW Sydney
Hai Quang Pham - Duy Tan University
Michael R. Phillips - Columbia University
Cristiano Piccinelli - City Hlth & Sci Univ Hosp Turin, SSD Epidemiol Screening, Turin, Italy
Tessa M. Pilz - University of Washington
Michael A. Piradov - Res Ctr Neurol, Moscow, Russia
Meghdad Pirsaheb - College Station Medical Center
Dietrich Plass - German Environm Agcy, Dept Environm Hyg, Dessau Rosslau, Germany
Suzanne Polinder - Erasmus MC
Kevan R. Polkinghorne - Monash University
Constance Dimity Pond - Univ Newcastle, Discipline Gen Practice, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
Maarten J. Postma - University of Groningen
Hadi Pourjafar - College Station Medical Center
Farshad Pourmalek - University of British Columbia
Anna Poznanska - Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Populat Hlth Monitoring & Anal, Warsaw, Poland
Sergio I. Prada - Icesi University
V. Prakash - Charotar Univ Sci & Technol, Rita Patel Inst Physiotherapy, Anand, Gujarat, India
Dimas Ria Angga Pribadi - Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Elisabetta Pupillo - Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Dept Neurosci, Milan, Italy
Zahiruddin Quazi Syed - College Station Medical Center
Mohammad Rabiee - Amirkabir University of Technology
Navid Rabiee - Sharif University of Technology
Amir Radfar - College Station Medical Center
Ata Rafiee - University of Alberta
Alberto Raggi - Carlo Besta Neurol Inst IRCCS, Neurol Publ Hlth & Disabil Unit, Milan, Italy
Muhammad Aziz Rahman - Supreme Council Of Health
Ali Rajabpour-Sanati - College Station Medical Center
Fatemeh Rajati - College Station Medical Center
Ivo Rakovac - World Hlth Org WHO, European Off Prevent & Control Noncommunicable Di, Geneva, Switzerland
Pradhum Ram - Emory University
Kiana Ramezanzadeh - Shahid Beheshti University
Chhabi Lal Ranabhat - Policy Res Inst, Res Dept, Kathmandu, Nepal
Puja C. Rao - University of Washington
Sowmya J. Rao - Srinivas Inst Dent Sci, Dept Oral Pathol, Mangalore, India
Vahid Rashedi - College Station Medical Center
Priya Rathi - College Station Medical Center
David Laith Rawaf - Imperial Coll London, WHO Collaborating Ctr Publ Hlth Educ & Training, London, England
Salman Rawaf - Imperial Coll London, Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth, London, England
Lal Rawal - Supreme Council Of Health
Reza Rawassizadeh - Boston University
Ramu Rawat - Int Inst Populat Sci, Dept Math Demog & Stat, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Christian Razo - University of Washington
Sofia Boston - University of Washington
Robert C. Reiner - University of Washington
Marissa Bettay Reitsma - University of Washington
Giuseppe Remuzzi - Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Milan, Italy
Vishnu Renjith - Supreme Council Of Health
Andre M. N. Renzaho - Western Sydney University
Serge Resnikoff - UNSW Sydney
Negar Rezaei - University of Tehran
Nima Rezaei - University of Tehran
Aziz Rezapour - College Station Medical Center
Phoebe-Anne Rhinehart - University of Washington
Seyed Mohammad Riahi - College Station Medical Center
Daniel Cury Ribeiro - University of Otago
Daniela Ribeiro - Universidade do Porto
Jennifer Rickard - University of Minnesota
Juan A. Rivera - Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Hlth & Nutr Res Ctr, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
Nicholas L. S. Roberts - University of Washington
Sonia Rodriguez-Ramirez - Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Ctr Nutr & Hlth Res, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
Leonardo Roever - Federal Reserve
Luca Ronfani - Burlo Garofolo Inst Maternal & Child Hlth, Clin Epidemiol & Publ Hlth Res Unit, Trieste, Italy
Robin Room - La Trobe University
Gholamreza Roshandel - Golestan University
Gregory A. Roth - University of Washington
Dietrich Rothenbacher - College Station Medical Center
Enrico Rubagotti - Colombian Corporation for Agricultural Research - AGROSAVIA
Godfrey M. Rwegerera - University of Botswana
Siamak Sabour - Shahid Beheshti University
Perminder S. Sachdev - UNSW Sydney
Basema Saddik - Univ Sharjah, Dept Family & Community Med, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates
Ehsan Sadeghi - College Station Medical Center
Masoumeh Sadeghi - College Station Medical Center
Reza Saeedi - Shahid Beheshti University
Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam - University of Tehran
Yahya Safari - College Station Medical Center
Sare Safi - Shahid Beheshti University
Saeid Safiri - College Station Medical Center
Rajesh Sagar - College Station Medical Center
Amirhossein Sahebkar - College Station Medical Center
S. Mohammad Sajadi - Soran University
Nasir Salam - University of the Punjab
Payman Salamati - University of Tehran
Hosni Salem - Cairo University
Marwa R. Salem - Cairo University
Hamideh Salimzadeh - University of Tehran
Omar Mukhtar Salman - Supreme Council Of Health
Joshua A. Salomon - Stanford University
Zainab Samad - Duke University
Hossein Samadi Kafil - College Station Medical Center
Evanson Zondani Sambala - College Station Medical Center
Abdallah M. Samy - Ain Shams University
Juan Sanabria - Case Western Reserve University
Tania G. Sanchez-Pimienta - Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
Damian Francesco Santomauro - University of Queensland
Itamar S. Santos - University of Sao Paulo
Joao Vasco Santos - Universidade do Porto
Milena M. Santric-Milicevic - University of Belgrade
Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer Saraswathy - College Station Medical Center
Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suarez - College Station Medical Center
Nizal Sarrafzadegan - College Station Medical Center
Benn Sartorius - Supreme Council Of Health
Arash Sarveazad - College Station Medical Center
Brijesh Sathian - College Station Medical Center
Thirunavukkarasu Sathish - McMaster University
Davide Sattin - Carlo Besta Neurol Inst IRCCS, Neurol Publ Hlth & Disabil Unit, Milan, Italy
Sonia Saxena - Supreme Council Of Health
Lauren E. Schaeffer - University of Washington
Silvia Schiavolin - Carlo Besta Neurol Inst IRCCS, Neurol Publ Hlth & Disabil Unit, Milan, Italy
Markus P. Schlaich - University of Western Australia
Maria Ines Schmidt - Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
Aletta Elisabeth Schutte - UNSW Sydney
David C. Schwebel - University of Alabama
Falk Schwendicke - Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Anbissa Muleta Senbeta - Jigjiga University
Subramanian Senthilkumaran - College Station Medical Center
Sadaf G. Sepanlou - University of Tehran
Berrin Serdar - University of Colorado Denver
Marc L. Serre - Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA
Jamileh Shadid - University of Washington
Omid Shafaat - Johns Hopkins University
Saeed Shahabi - Shiraz University
Amira A. Shaheen - An Najah Natl Univ, Publ Hlth Div, Nablus, Palestine
Masood Ali Shaikh - University of Washington
Ali S. Shalash - Ain Shams University
Mehran Shams-Beyranvand - Supreme Council Of Health
Morteza Shamsizadeh - University of Borås
Kiomars Sharafi - College Station Medical Center
Aziz Sheikh - Harvard University
Abbas Sheikhtaheri - College Station Medical Center
Kenji Shibuya - Kings Coll London, Inst Populat Hlth, London, England
Kevin David Shield - University of Toronto
Mika Shigematsu - Natl Inst Infect Dis, Bucharest, Romania
Jae Il Shin - Yonsei University
Min-Jeong Shin - University of Seoul
Rahman Shiri - Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland
Reza Shirkoohi - University of Tehran
Kerem Shuval - University of Haifa
Soraya Siabani - College Station Medical Center
Radoslaw Sierpinski - College Station Medical Center
Inga Dora Sigfusdottir - Columbia University
Rannveig Sigurvinsdottir - Reykjavík University
Joao Pedro Silva - Universidade do Porto
Kyle E. Simpson - University of Washington
Jasvinder A. Singh - University of Alabama
Pushpendra Singh - Indian Inst Technol, Dept Humanities & Social Sci, Roorkee, Uttar Pradesh, India
Eirini Skiadaresi - Hywel Dda Univ Hlth Board, Dept Ophthalmol, Llanelli, Wales
Soren T. Skou - University of Southern Denmark
Valentin Yurievich Skryabin - Moscow Res & Pract Ctr Addict, Dept 16, Moscow, Russia
Emma U. R. Smith - University of Sydney
Amin Soheili - Semnan Univ Med Sci, Nursing Care Res Ctr, Semnan, Iran
Shahin Soltani - College Station Medical Center
Moslem Soofi - College Station Medical Center
Reed J. D. Sorensen - University of Washington
Joan B. Soriano - Autonomous University of Madrid
Muluken Bekele Sorrie - Arba Minch University
Sergey Soshnikov - Moscow Inst Phys & Technol, Lab Publ Hlth Indicators Anal & Hlth Digitalizat, Dolgoprudnyi, Russia
Ireneous N. Soyiri - University of Hull
Cory N. Spencer - University of Washington
Adel Spotin - College Station Medical Center
Chandrashekhar T. Sreeramareddy - College Station Medical Center
Vinay Srinivasan - Supreme Council Of Health
Jeffrey D. Stanaway - University of Washington
Caroline Stein - Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
Dan J. Stein - College Station Medical Center
Caitlyn Steiner - University of Washington
Leo Stockfelt - University of Gothenburg
Mark A. Stokes - Deakin University
Kurt Straif - Schiller
Jacob L. Stubbs - University of British Columbia
Mu'awiyyah Babale Sufiyan - Ahmadu Bello University
Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria - University of Melbourne
Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader - College Station Medical Center
Gerhard Sulo - Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Bergen, Norway
Iyad Sultan - King Hussein Canc Ctr, Serv Pediat, Amman, Jordan
Lukasz Szumowski - Inst Cardiol Poland, Minister Hlth, Warsaw, Poland
Rafael Tabares-Seisdedos - Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas
Karen M. Tabb - Univ Illinois, Sch Social Work, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
Takahiro Tabuchi - Osaka Int Canc Inst, Canc Control Ctr, Osaka, Japan
Amir Taherkhani - College Station Medical Center
Masih Tajdini - University of Tehran
Ken Takahashi - Asbestos Dis Res Inst, Concord, NSW, Australia
Jukka S. Takala - Univ Tampere, Dept Hlth Sci, Tampere, Finland
Animut Tagele Tamiru - University of Gondar
Nuno Taveira - Univ Inst Egas Moniz, Monte De Caparica, Portugal
Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi - College Station Medical Center
Mohamad-Hani Temsah - King Saud University
Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema - University of Gondar
Zemenu Tadesse Tessema - University of Gondar
George D. Thurston - College Station Medical Center
Mariya Vladimirovna Titova - Moscow Inst Phys & Technol, Lab Publ Hlth Indicators Anal & Hlth Digitalizat, Dolgoprudnyi, Russia
Hamid Reza Tohidinik - University of Tehran
Marcello Tonelli - University of Calgary
Roman Topor-Madry - Jagiellonian University
Fotis Topouzis - Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Anna E. Torre - University of Washington
Mathilde Touvier - Inserm
Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone - University of Sao Paulo
Bach Xuan Tran - College Station Medical Center
Ravensara Travillian - University of Washington
Aristidis Tsatsakis - University of Crete
Lorainne Tudor Car - Supreme Council Of Health
Stefanos Tyrovolas - Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas
Riaz Uddin - University of Queensland
Chukwuma David Umeokonkwo - Alex Ekwueme Fed Univ Teaching Hosp Abakaliki, Dept Community Med, Abakaliki, Nigeria
Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan - College Station Medical Center
Era Upadhyay - Amity Univ Rajasthan, Amity Inst Biotechnol, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Marco Vacante - University of Catania
Pascual R. Valdez - College Station Medical Center
Aaron Van Donkelaar - Washington Univ, Dept Energy Environm & Chem Engn, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
Tommi Juhani Vasankari - UKK Inst, Tampere, Finland
Yasser Vasseghian - College Station Medical Center
Yousef Veisani - Ilam University
Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian - Supreme Council Of Health
Francesco S. Violante - University of Bologna
Vasily Vlassov - Supreme Council Of Health
Stein Emil Vollset - University of Washington
Theo Vos - University of Washington
Rade Vukovic - University of Belgrade
Yasir Waheed - College Station Medical Center
Mitchell Taylor Wallin - Supreme Council Of Health
Yafeng Wang - University of Sao Paulo
Yuan-Pang Wang - University of Washington
Alexandrea Watson - University of Washington
Jingkai Wei - George Washington University
Melissa Y. Wei Wei - Supreme Council Of Health
Robert G. Weintraub - Murdoch Childrens Research Institute
Jordan Weiss - Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
Andrea Werdecker - Fed Inst Populat Res, Demog Change & Aging Res Area, Wiesbaden, Germany
Ronny Westerman - Federal Reserve
Joanna L. Whisnant - University of Washington
Harvey A. Whiteford - University of Washington
Kirsten E. Wiens - University of Washington
Charles D. A. Wolfe - Supreme Council Of Health
Sarah S. Wozniak - University of Washington
Ai-Min Wu - College Station Medical Center
Junjie Wu - University of Washington
Sarah Wulf Hanson - University of Washington
Gelin Xu - Nanjing University
Rixing Xu - University of Washington
Simon Yadgir - University of Washington
Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari - Milad Gen Hosp, Clin Canc Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
Kazumasa Yamagishi - Osaka University
Mousa Yaminfirooz - College Station Medical Center
Yuichiro Yano - Duke University
Sanni Yaya - University of Oxford
Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi - College Station Medical Center
Tomas Y. Yeheyis - Hawassa University
Christopher Sabo Yilgwan - University of Jos
Mekdes Tigistu Yilma - Wollega University
Paul Yip - University of Hong Kong
Naohiro Yonemoto - Natl Ctr Neurol & Psychiat, Dept Neuropsychopharmaol, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
Mustafa Z. Younis - Jackson State University
Theodore Patrick Younker - University of Pittsburgh
Bahman Yousefi - College Station Medical Center
Zabihollah Yousefi - College Station Medical Center
Taraneh Yousefinezhadi - Shahid Beheshti University
Abdilahi Yousuf Yousuf - Jigjiga University
Chuanhua Yu - Wuhan University
Hasan Yusefzadeh - Urmia University
Telma Zahirian Moghadam - College Station Medical Center
Mohammad Zamani - Arak University
Maryam Zamanian - University of Washington
Hamed Zandian - College Station Medical Center
Mikhail Sergeevich Zastrozhin - Moscow Res & Pract Ctr Addict, Lab Genet & Genom, Moscow, Russia
Yunquan Zhang - Wuhan University
Zhi-Jiang Zhang - Wuhan University
Jeff T. Zhao - University of Washington
Xiu-Ju George Zhao - Wuhan University
Yingxi Zhao - University of Oxford
Maigeng Zhou - Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron & Noncommunicable Dis Control & Pr, Beijing, Peoples R China
Arash Ziapour - College Station Medical Center
Stephanie R. M. Zimsen - University of Washington
Michael Brauer - University of British Columbia
Ashkan Afshin - University of Washington
Stephen S. Lim - University of Washington
GBD 2019 Risk Factors
Publication Details: The Lancet (British edition), Vol.396(10258), pp.1223-1249
Publisher: Elsevier
Number of pages: 27
Date published: 23/10/2020
Grant note: SCAF/15/02 / NRS Senior Clinical Fellowship Department of Health 18K10082 / Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT) QLK6-CT-2001-00360; SHARE-I3: RII-CT-2006-062193; COMPARE: CIT5-CT-2005-028857; SHARELIFE: CIT4-CT-2006-028812; 211909; 227822; 261982; 676536; 654221 / European Commission; European Commission Joint Research Centre 2019-01059 / Swedish Research Council; Swedish Research Council for Health Working Life & Welfare (Forte); Swedish Research Council Formas CP18/00074 / Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities Miguel Servet grant (Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ESF, EU) 175087 / Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia; Ministry of Education, Science & Technological Development, Serbia South African Medical Research Council; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Medical Research Council UK (MRC); South Africa Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Centro de Investigacion en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain Italian Ministry of Health (Ricerca Corrente, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico C Besta, Linea 4 -Outcome Research: dagli Indicatori alle Raccomandazioni Cliniche) R21AG032572; R03AG043052; R01 AG030153 / National Institute on Aging, a division of the NIH Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the Alexander von Humboldt Professor award - German Federal Ministry of Education and Research Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research from the Queensland Department of Health RD016/0009 / ISCIII-RETIC REDinREN Fondos FEDER NASA; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) 01EA1808A / German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (nutriCARD) EGC 985 Program of Peking University UID/MULTI/04378/2019; UID/QUI/50006/2019 / FCT/MCTES; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) Washington University NPRP 9-040-3-008 / Qatar National Research Fund; Qatar National Research Fund (QNRF) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPQ) DL57/2016/CP1334/CT0006; SFRH/BHD/110001/2015 / Portuguese national funds through Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia, IP, under the Norma Transitoria Region Zealand (Exercise First) National Health and Medical Council of Australia fellowship; German Research Foundation (DFG); National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia U01_AG09740-13S2; P01_AG005842; P01_AG08291; P30_AG12815; R21_AG025169; Y1-AG-4553-01; IAG_BSR06-11; OGHA_04-064; HHSN271201300071C; R01AG031716 / US National Institute on Aging; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute on Aging (NIA) German Ministry of Education and Research; Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF) 319200 / Academy of Finland Norwegian Institute of Public Health Queensland Health Department (via West Moreton HHS) 81371502; 81761128031 / National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) 18H03063; 15K08762; 18K10082 / Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT); Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) DG Employment, Social Affairs Inclusion P01-HD31921 / Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD) FLAIR fellowship - UK Royal Society; Royal Society FRIAT International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, Faculty of Medicine Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance Senior Fellowship; Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance; Wellcome Trust POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029248 / EU (FEDER funds through COMPETE); Marie Curie Actions National Heart Foundation of Australia 18/111 / The Sir Charles Hercus Health Research Fellowship Health Research Council of New Zealand Health Effects Institute, Boston Danish National Research Foundation (Niels Bohr Professorship) 107-Z-04 / China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; China Medical University XMUMRF/2018-C2/ITCM/0001 / Research Management Centre, Xiamen University Malaysia RIA2016MC-1615 / European AMP; Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership, EU (LIFE project) P_40_382 / European Fund for Regional Development through Operational Program for Competitiveness NIA U01AG009740 / National Institute of Aging; 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Identifiers: 99777871602346
Academic Unit: School of Sustainability, Civil and Environmental Engineering
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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