Abstract
The recent successful mass production of S32001 has led to numerous engineering applications; however, there are limited studies specific to this grade. This study investigates its mechanical performance compared to traditional duplex stainless steel S32205 and carbon steel Q355, with special focus on anisotropy, cold-forming hardening, and welding characteristics. Experimental results show that S32001 has a dual-phase microstructure with balanced austenite and ferrite, offering competitive strength and improved plasticity over S32205. It exhibits anisotropic yield strength, a pronounced cold-forming effect enhancing strength but reducing ductility, and comparable welding performance to S32205, with a distinct heat-affected zone. Modifications to existing constitutive models were made to improve the prediction of stress-strain behaviour in both flat and cold-formed regions. Lastly, a life cycle cost (LCC) study confirms S32001’s cost-effectiveness in less corrosive environments.
•The mechanical properties of the newly mass-produced S32001 were investigated and compared to S32205 and Q355.•The material’s anisotropy, work hardening during cold-forming, and welding characteristics were examined.•The stress-strain relationship for S32001 was revised, and a reliability analysis was conducted to propose γR values.•The life cycle cost of S32001 in engineering applications were discussed.