Abstract
Although organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) attracts increasing research attention in tourism and hospitality contexts, there remains a lack of consensus on the multidimensional structure and measurement of OCB. To fulfill these knowledge gaps, we employed three studies using data collected from the U.S., China, and Australia to cross-culturally validate OCB as a third-order multidimensional construct, holistically integrating both target-specific and nature-specific OCB measures. In Study 1, we sampled U.S. hospitality employees to explore (N = 271) and confirm (N = 473) the sub-dimensional structure of OCB. In Study 2, we conducted cross-cultural validation using samples from Australia (N = 348) and China (N = 388). In Study 3, we implemented a longitudinal research design and tested predictive validity of the third-order OCB. The study clarified the dimensional structure of OCB measures in hospitality, resolved the over-lapping issues between different measures, and helped to pave the way for more advanced analysis for future research.
•Data was collected from hotel employees in the U.S., China, and Australia.•We confirmed organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) as a third-order construct.•The third-order OCB has 3 s-order factors and six first-order factors.•Used English and Chinese OCB scale items are attached in Appendix.