Abstract
Traditional rehabilitation for hemiplegia is not necessarily based on a supported theoretical foundation and some evidence questiones the efficacy of current practice. The uncertainty relating to underlying theories is a serious issue, henceforth there has been a move to base treatment strategies on scientific foundations which incorporate knowledge of human learning mechanisms and accompanying neurobiological processes. In this paper we argue that constraint induced movement therapy is a potentially very effective intervention that benefits from a strong theoretical grounding. It is demonstrated that the treatment mechanisms are supported by established behavioural learning theory and evidence of brain plasticity. As empirical support for the therapy is gradually mounting, the integration into mainstream practice lends itself as a natural course. In this paper, a series of issues surrounding the distribution of CIT such as constraint use, dose response relationships and accessibility to a wider group of patients are discussed. Further research in these areas is considered important for CIT integration into mainstream practice.