Abstract
Metabolic analysis features ongoing biological pathways and can be more distal over proteomic/genomic approaches for in vitro diagnostics (IVD). However, point-of-care (POC) metabolic analysis needs designed materials to detect target biomarkers of low concentration in complex biosystems. Herein, we report the construction of a multifunctional platinum nanoreactor intended for POC metabolic analysis for visual detection and mass spectrometry (MS) fingerprinting. Controlled core-shell structured Fe3O4@SiO2@Pt particles were designed for visual detection of metabolic biomarkers, the catalytic mechanism was investigated, and direct laser desorption/ionization MS fingerprinting of the native serum was performed. The nanoreactor platform has been successfully applied to diagnose pancreatic cancer patients as compared with healthy individuals with sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 92%, with a panel of five biomarkers identified. Our work demonstrates a novel platform for IVD initiating application-driven design of POC analysis with tailored characteristics.
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•Pt nanoreactor visually quantitates glucose with GOx and HRP-like catalytic activity•The Pt catalytic reaction mechanism can be investigated by direct LDI MS•Pt nanoreactor achieves direct LDI MS fingerprinting using 0.5 μL serum within 1 s•Pt nanoreactor-assisted LDI MS diagnoses pancreatic cancer with AUC of 0.958
In vitro diagnostics (IVD), recognized as the “eye” of medical doctors, accounts for two-thirds of clinical diagnosis and relies on diverse analytical approaches. In the view of biological pathways by IVD, metabolic analysis of end products characterizes the ongoing pathological or physiological process, which is more distal compared with traditional proteomic and genomic approaches for precision diagnostics. However, the development of advanced tools for metabolic analysis is challenging and warrants interdisciplinary and cutting-edge research. Therefore, we constructed a series of multifunctional platinum (Pt) nanoreactors toward point-of-care metabolic analysis aimed at hospital and day-to-day use. Adopting this material with the best composition, we reported a pancreatic cancer diagnostic tool with optimal sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 92%.
Metabolic analysis needs designed materials to detect target biomarkers of low concentration in biosystems. A further issue is to achieve point-of-care analysis, aimed at hospital and day-to-day use. A multifunctional Pt nanoreactor was constructed through layer-by-layer assembly, achieving both visual detection and LDI MS analysis. The Pt nanoreactor visually quantitates metabolic biomarkers (e.g., glucose), with GOx- and HRP-like catalytic activity. In addition, the Pt nanoreactor enables pancreatic cancer diagnosis with optimal sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 92%.