Abstract
Background: Changes in perceptions of the self are often present after an Acquired Brain Injury (ABI), and are associated with negative outcomes among survivors. Relatives’ perceptions of changes seem to be relevant also, and are associated with carer burden and family functioning. Furthermore, changes after an ABI may impact one’s social life and support network, and some suggest that perceptions of self-concept may be a factor contributing to this. Aims: This research aimed to investigate changes in perceptions of the self after an ABI, in addition to relatives’ perception of change, and whether these were associated with carers’ perceived burden and the perceived social support of survivors and relatives. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used based on questionnaires. ABI Survivors (n=15) and their nearest relative (n=15) were recruited from local community services, and completed the Head Injury Semantic Differential Scale (HISD-III) and Social Provisions Scale. Relatives also completed the Care Burden Scale. Results: There were no significant differences between survivors and relatives on the HISD-III, with both reporting current-state significantly more negatively than past-state. Relatives’ negative view of survivors’ current-state, and perceptions of changes compared to pre-injury were associated with increased carer burden. Relatives’ perceived social support was not associated with carer burden, or with their perception of survivors’ changes. Survivors’ perceived social support was not associated with self-concept, but was associated with relatives’ perceptions of changes pre to post-injury on the HISD-III. Conclusions: Relatives’ perceptions of changes are similar to survivors’ perceptions, indicating that they could be used as sources of information about the changes in survivors. However, their potential bias should be considered, as their perceptions may be associated with carer burden. Relatives’ perceptions are also important to consider when reviewing survivors’ perceived social support.