Abstract
Objective: This research explored how people respond to information about risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD). Understanding of the best way to present such information, to promote health, is scarce. The objective of the current study was to explore the impact of risk information for CHD when presented in a number of different ways. How this information impacts on participant’s behavioural intentions was also explored. Method: The study, conducted in a non-clinical setting, adopted a 2 x 3 between subjects factorial design involving two independent variables. Firstly, risk estimates were presented in three ways: absolute risk of disease in the next ten years, relative risk of disease in the next ten years and absolute risk of disease in the next ten years plus lifetime risk. Secondly, two types of information about specific interventions were presented. Healthy volunteers (n=199) took part in the study, which involved a hypothetical risk communication scenario. Response to risk information was measured in terms of emotional, cognitive and behavioural factors. Results: Presenting risk information in different ways and providing information about different interventions had no differential impact on emotional and cognitive factors. Participants who were presented with a greater quantity of information had difficulty understanding and/or retaining this information compared to those who received less information. How much participants valued their health, efficacy beliefs and negative affect following risk communication were found to be important factors associated with behavioural intentions. Conclusions: Response to CHD risk information will not differ according to the way risk is presented although further research using a clinical sample is required. Value placed on health, efficacy beliefs and negative affect predict behavioural intentions and intentions to act in the short-term are also moderated by age and current risky behaviour. The amount of information shared with patients should be carefully considered to maximize both understanding and informed decision making.