Abstract
7) in first generation cellular networks and thereby accurate positioning (<100m). The second novel technique achieves improved base station timing accuracy (1 part in 10 7) using the Network Time Protocol (NTP) over GPRS. The third novel technique was found to enhance the accuracy and resolution (< 100 m) of Timing Advance (TA) in second generation networks. The fourth novel technique takes the form of a receiver architecture capable of high resolution (0.1), multipath, Direction of Arrival (DOA) determination within a third generation network. Localisation using triangulation is achievable to <100 m for practical 3G cell sizes. DOA accuracy in a 10 UE environment is approximately 1, increasing to 2.5 in a 40 UE environment. Additionally, two novel methods of improving radio signal detection range were discovered and simulated. These enable location finding to be achieved within cellular networks where maximum communication range alone is insufficient for DOA triangulation purposes. The first method takes the form of a novel high gain (> 20 dBi) pseudo-Doppler antenna. The second method provides enhanced processing gain using a novel Error Correction Coding (ECC) post processing algorithm for hard decision decoded messages where signal re-transmission exists or can be requested. The results of the study revealed that improvements in location finding accuracy are possible in 1st, 2nd and 3rd generation cellular radio networks without compromising the operation of legacy handsets or stolen vehicle tracking devices.