Abstract
On 31 January 2020, the UK officially exited the European Union (EU), which has dire consequences for the UK’s future gender equality institutionalisation mechanisms, policies, and gender regime. This thesis takes Brexit, a critical juncture as a point of departure to examine ‘How does the process of Brexit affect the UK’s employment and domestic violence policies, and what kind of impacts do these have on the UK’s gender regime?’. By investigating how the concepts of gender (in)equality are (re-)defined as a result of Brexit between 2016 and 2021, the study draws on (de-)Europeanisation, gender regime theory, and the crisis literature to establish a framework for analysing the discursive changes, constraints, and contestations within the UK’s different institutional settings and the challenges this means for keeping gender equality on the political agenda. The combination of content analysis and Critical Frame Analysis (CFA) of the policy documents was employed to examine the ‘meaning-making’ and the trajectory of the employment and domestic violence policies as Brexit progressed. Political elite interviews were also conducted to explore further stakeholders’ interpretations and perceptions of policy problems, institutional structures and practices, and how frames influence policy outcomes. As the findings show, the UK’s gender equality policies have become heavily marginalised since 2016 over the so-called ‘business case’ of gender equality with more neoliberal and domesticated impacts on the UK’s gender regime’s institutional domains. Therefore, the thesis offers fresh theoretical and empirical insights into the gendered dynamics of policy change and the institutional structures of policy dismantling of the UK’s gender regime. By focusing on the often-neglected relationship between institutions, actors, and frames, the thesis contributes to how power, inclusion, and exclusion in the framing process of gender (in)equality formulate throughout Brexit.