This portfolio presents two empirical research projects designed to investigate camouflaging in autistic women, with a particular focus on its psychological impact on both diagnosed and self-identified autistic females. Within the autistic population, camouflaging has been increasingly recognised as a significant factor in mental wellbeing, and is associated with poorer mental health outcomes, especially among autistic women. 

The first study employed quantitative methods to examine the relationships between different subtypes of camouflaging behaviours (assimilation, masking, compensation) and mental health outcomes in diagnosed and self-identified autistic females. The study found that different subtypes of camouflaging behaviours have varying associations with mental health outcomes: assimilation behaviours were consistently positively associated with depression, anxiety, and stress; compensation was positively associated with anxiety; and masking showed surprising negative associations with depression and anxiety. Notably, no significant differences were found between diagnosed and self-identified participants in the extent of their engagement in camouflaging behaviours, highlighting a comparable pressure to engage in camouflaging regardless of diagnostic status. 

The second study employed a qualitative approach and focused on exploring the perceived impact of camouflaging on various aspects of the lives of self-identified autistic females. Thematic analysis generated four key themes: camouflaging as a behaviour that gradually becomes automatic and leads to a loss of sense of self; the challenges associated with navigating relationships; the cyclical anxiety in social interactions; and the immense physical and psychological exhaustion from camouflaging. 

These studies contribute to the growing recognition of camouflaging behaviours and their impact on the lives of autistic women and highlight the urgent need for greater recognition of diverse autistic experiences, more inclusive clinical practices, adaptations in educational and workplace settings, and increased social awareness of the impact of camouflaging on mental wellbeing. They emphasise the need for environments that allow for authentic self-expression and celebration of difference.