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Predicting binaural colouration using VGGish embeddings
Conference proceeding   Open access   Peer reviewed

Predicting binaural colouration using VGGish embeddings

Thomas McKenzie, Alec Wright, Daniel Turner and Pedro Lladó
AES International Conference on Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence for Audio 2025 (London, UK, 08/09/2025–10/09/2025)
02/09/2025

Abstract

colouration auditory modelling Machine Learning
An initial feasibility study is presented exploring the use of a pre-trained feature extractor, designed for large-scale audio classification, applied to the task of predicting the colouration between binaural signals. A multilayer perceptron (MLP) is trained to predict binaural colouration using feature embeddings obtained from the VGGish network and data from five previously conducted listening tests. The evaluation compares seven versions of the network, each trained using different data augmentation methods, to three existing signal processing methods: basic spectral difference (BSD), log. spectral distance (LSD) and an auditory model for predicting binaural colouration (PBC-2). Results show that while the MLP networks are comparable to BSD and LSD, further work is needed to compete with the more accurate PBC-2; such as using specific audio features relevant for colouration.
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Author's Accepted Manuscript Open Access
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https://aes2.org/events-calendar/2025-aes-international-conference-on-artificial-intelligence-and-machine-learning-for-audio/View
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